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New Zealand 
Kodak Super XX Topographic base film is used. It is processed in a con 
tinuous processing machine of New Zealand construction with solution tem 
peratures of 68°^. I he gamma used is 1-4. There is no routine sensitometric 
control. Film is supplied in taped tins and is stored both before and after ex 
posure at 50°F and 60% relative humidity. 
Sweden 
The film used is chiefly Kodak Super XX, but some infrared and Ektachrome 
have been used for forestry. Film speed is determined by a method analogous 
to the DIN system but with a Zeiss D filter used in place of the Davis-Gibson 
filters. Processing is in the Zeiss developing machine EGD II. A rotating 
drying drum is used without hot air. Solution temperatures are 18°C +0-5C. 
The gamma used ranges from 1-3 to 1-5. There is no routine sensitometric 
control. Before exposure the film is stored at a temperature of 10°C. It is not 
reconditioned after exposure and processing. 
Switzerland 
With the RC-7 camera Gaevert Avipan Microgran glass plates are used 
with a speed of 30° Scheiner. These plates are processed on frames in tanks 
and dried on the frames in air. Solution temperature is 20-5°C +0-5. The 
gamma obtained is 0-8 to 1-0. No routine sensitometric control is used. Storage 
conditions before and after exposure are 18°C, 60% relative humidity. With the 
RC-5 camera films used are Kodak Super XX Aerographic, Ilford Hyperpan, 
and Gaevert Avi Panchro. Speeds are 27 to 33° Scheiner and 17/10 to 21/10 
dyn. Processing is done with the B5 Morse developing machine and the A5 
Eairchild-Smith film drier. Temperatures and contrast are the same as for the 
glass plates. No routine sensitometric control is used. Film is supplied in tropical 
packing and stored under the same conditions as the plates. With the RC-5 
some colour films have also been used in tests. These were Agfacolour Negative 
T with a speed of 14/10 dyn and Kodak Ektachrome Aero with a speed of 17/10 
dyn. 
United States of America 
Kodak Aerographic Super XX film is used for most aerial photography. 
This has an ASA exposure index of 100 and also a nominal Weston speed of 
100. The speed tolerances set by the Air Force are from Weston 70 to Weston 
140. It has a resolving power of 90 lines per mm on high contrast test objects 
(1,000:1) and a resolving power of 30 lines per mm on low contrast test objects 
(2:1). Some infrared topographic base film is also used. Its speed is from 35 
to 70 Weston. Air Force specifications require that the maximum shrinkage 
for topographic film shall not exceed 0-15% and the maximum variation shall 
not exceed 0-07%. The test procedure involves normal development and drying 
followed by seven days’ accelerated aging at 120°!^ and 20% relative humidity. 
Developing equipment used are the Morse B-5 film developing unit, the Smith- 
Fairchild developing equipment, and the A-9 semi-automatic machine. Driers 
are the Smith-Fairchild and the A-10A. The 23" x 23" negatives from the 9