NATIONAL REPORT OF CANADA 
by 
G. S. Andrews. 
Canadians are very happy to be taking part in this Seventh International 
Congress of Photogrammetry, especially as it is the first at which Canada has 
been represented. For good measure, Canada has a twofold official represen 
tation here first in the person of Dr. L. E. Hawlett of the National Research 
Council, Ottawa. Well known in Photogrammetric circles for his contributions 
to Photogrammetric optics, Dr. Howlett takes a leading part here as President 
of Commission I. The honour of being Canada’s second official representative 
falls upon my humble person, as President of the Canadian Institute of Survey 
ing and Photogrammetry. 
In addition, other Canadians are attending this Congress as private mem 
bers, and as official representatives of government and commercial agencies, 
actively concerned with Photogrammetry. Indeed, my own presence has been 
possible only by the good will of the Government of British Columbia whom 
I have the honour to represent as Surveyor General of that Province. 
I speak for all Canadians in saying we are most happy to have this oppor 
tunity to fraternize with this a unique assembly of photogrammetric experts 
and to widen our acquaintances, especially with those who have travelled from 
distant countries. We join with our North American colleagues in welcoming 
you to this Continent, where Photogrammetry is playing a dynamic role in 
mapping, and in management of natural resources. It is our earnest desire that 
many of you will find it possible, at the end of this Congress, to visit Canada. 
A cordial welcome awaits you. 
Although a newcomer to the International Society of Photogrammetry, 
Canada brings a long established reputation in terrestrial and aerial Photo 
grammetry, especially as applied to mapping and resources surveys. In 1886, 
Dr. Edouard Deville, then Surveyor General of Dominion Lands, initiated ter 
restrial phototopographic surveys in the Cordilleran region in Western Canada. 
These methods have been widely and continuously used in mountain country 
by both the federal and the British Columbia provincial governments ever 
since, in later years providing vertical control for air photographs. In 1921 the 
Royal Canadian Air Force began systematic oblique air photography for map 
ping terrain of low relief by the Topographic Survey of Canada, using perspec 
tive grids, a method which by virtue of its success became known as the „Cana 
dian Gridded Oblique Method”. By 1930 the use of stereoscopic air survey 
photography was being applied to mountainous country using graphic radial 
triangulation. By 1940 two provincial governments, those of Ontario and 
British Columbia, had set up their own air photographic facilities to supple 
ment the enormous task originally embraced by the R.C.A.F. 
The postwar period since 1946 has witnessed a universal swing to modern 
wide-angle air cameras with instrumental restitution of stereoscopic air photos, 
extensive use of Shoran triangulation; promising developments in airborne 
radar altimetry; and increasing use of helicopters for transporting field survey