1d Plani- 
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ts of the 
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INEERING, 
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PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING 33 
503 pp., Illus. (The Section ‘‘Plotting and 
Assembly of Field Data,” pp. 71-122, in- 
cludes a description of relevant photogram- 
metric techniques.) 
Baldwin, Mark; Whitlock, H. W., and Smith, 
Howard M., “The Use of Aerial Photographs 
in Soil Mapping,” PHOTOGRAMMETRIC EN- 
GINEERING, Vol. XIII, pp. 532-536 (1947). 
Kellog, Charles E., “World Food Production: 
The Role of the Photogrammetrist,” PHOTO- 
GRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING, Vol. XVI, pp. 
94-100 (1950). 
Simonson, Roy W., “Use of Aerial Photographs 
in Soil Surveys," PHOTOGRAMMETRIC EN- 
GINEERING, Vol. XVI, pp. 308—315 (1950). 
Rourke, John D., and Smith, Howard M., 
“The Use of Air Photos for Soil Classification 
and Mapping in the Field." PHOTOGRAM- 
METRIC ENGINEERING, Vol. XVII, pp. 738- 
747, illus. (1951). 
Whitlock, H. W., and Crook, D. K., “Use of 
Aerial Photographs in the Publication of 
Soil Maps," PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEER- 
ING, Vol. XVII, pp. 747-754 (1951). 
III. COMMERCIAL. ACTIVITIES. IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY 
ABRAMS 
Talbert Abrams began taking pictures 
in 1916 from the top of the Dime Savings 
Bank Building in Detroit, Michigan. He 
joined the United States Marine Corps in 
1916 and to obtain aerial photography he 
flew along the Gulf Coast in Texas in 
1917, and the Bahama Islands and Florida 
coast near Miami in 1918. With the First 
Division of Marine Corps, Squadron 
E. U. S., he flew the coastline of the Bay 
de Port au Prince in Haiti in 1919. Later 
he flew on the first air mail route in the 
United States between New York and 
Washington when the U. S. Air Mail 
Service was formed. 
Mr. Abrams continued aerial photo- 
graphic work with the Michigan Aero 
Service Corporation in 1921 and with 
Michigan Airways Inc. In 1922 he formed 
his own company, the Abrams Aerial 
Survey Corporation; this company was 
incorporated in 1923. 
Between 1922 and 1924 many aerial 
photographic projects were completed for 
cities, industries, and real estate develop- 
ments. In 1925 road location photography 
was flown for the Michigan State Highway 
Department. This was followed by many 
other highway mapping projects through- 
out the country as the feasibility of aerial 
photography became apparent. Among the 
early photographic flying for governmental 
work was the photographic surveying and 
mapping project of Isle Royale in Lake 
Superior for the U. S. Geological Survey 
in 1930, and the photographic mapping 
of Puerto Rico in the West Indies in 1935 
and again in 1936 for the Puerto Rican 
Reconstruction Administration. 
The first product manufactured by the 
Abrams companies was a mirror stereo- 
scope in 1922,—a simple box with mirrors 
set at 45? angles. Research and develop- 
ment of photogrammetric instruments has 
been increased steadily and their manu- 
facture is today the most important 
function of the company. 
Patents credited to the company are as 
follows: 
26 Mar. 1940 2194682 
20 Feb. 1945 2369634 
Contour Finder 
Contour Finder 
Stereoscopes 2 Jan. 1945 . 2366228 
Automatic Camera 
Mount 27 July 1948 2446096 
Lens Heater 8 June 1948 2442913 
Airplane 7 Mar. 1939 113649 
Trademark 12 May 1931 291538 
Automatic Timers 3 May 1949 2468855 
Stereoscopic Table 22 May 1951 163355 
Electric Timers 30 May 1951 2573130 
The Abrams Instrument Corporation 
was organized in 1939 to handle the grow- 
ing business of manufacturing photogram- 
metric products. These products consisted 
of tripods, gun cameras, stereoscopes, sun 
compasses, radar cameras, aerial cameras," 
contour finders or plotters, tracing tables, 
bomb release timers, rectoblique plotters, 
oblique and vertical sketchmasters, radar 
tracking recorders, slotted templet cutters, 
photogrammetric computers, stereoscopic 
plotting machine, intervalometers, elec- 
tronic computers, X-ray cameras and re- 
cording cameras, Lazy Dazy triangulators 
(slotted metal arms), photographic print- 
ers, and stereoscopes having 2, 4 and 10 
power magnification. 
The Abrams Aircraft Corporation, or- 
ganized in 1937, designed and built the 
Strato-Plane Explorer, The aircraft was 
used for ten years on aerial photographic 
mapping projects throughout the United 
SEE