dil 
specialists. Like many others before and since his work was handicaj pped 
bv limited financial support. In the area of close range instrumentation, 
beam splitting device which, when attached to a a suitable 
camera (focal length. 150 mm), would operate over a range of ob 
distances from. 30 cm to 3 meters and allow the taking of full umn 
bodv form at a distance of 2 meters, with a reduction of 20:1. He 
reported using synchronized Wild and Zeiss 40 em base stereometric 
cameras (presumably the C-4 and Sb IK 40), the A-4, A-5 and A-6 
autographs, and a stereoscope with parallex bar. A use “plotting is 
time consuming when using the parallex bar method," he constr ucted 
three simple instruments of his own design——(1) for direct plotting 
from radiograms, (2) a stereo micrometer and (3) a special p 
device. 
he described à 
  
Miskin drew attention to a number of potentially useful biomedical 
applications of stereophotogrammetry: (1) spinal deformations during 
and after pregnancy, (2) body typog graphy, (3) body volume and (4) 
surface ‘area measurments. He also suggested an ingenious use of a 
hammock4ike net for infant studies——as well as supporting the infant, 
the net provided additional contrast over that normally present in the 
infants’ largely monochromatic skin surface. Regrettably, he gave too 
few technical details about his work to allow others to benefit 
substantially from the findings. Nevert heless, his articles (1956, 1960, 
1961) have seived to alert many prospectiv ve users about the potential of 
stereophotogrammetry in biology and medicine. 
>» 
  
  
RE: 
During the time Miskin was pursuing his studies at University 
College, London, Hertzberg, Dupe rtuis and Emmanuel (1957) were 
independently e Sa stercophotogrammetry as an anthropometric 
tool in the United States. Hertzberg et al encountered much the same 
instrumentation hh ms: (1) a lack of suitable stereometric cameras 
and (2) difficulty in fusing stercopairs due to poor skin contrast. They 
solved the first problem by constructing a stereocamera from two 
modified K-17 aerial cameras. With this arrangement, diapositives were 
obtained for plotting on a Kelsh stereoplotter. Increased skin contrast 
was achieved by stippling a black substance in random fashion over the 
exposed body surface. The standing subject was rotated on a turntable 
in 90° increments to achieve all around coverage. Their article included 
front and rear view contour maps of an adult male and an isometric plot 
of all-around profiles at four levels of the torso. 
In their conclusions, Hertzberg et al commented that “the method 
should find increasing application for the medical and dental purposes to 
which other workers have already put it; and it should become very 
useful among biological sciences for the measurement of growth and age 
changes of any animal, including man.” Direct anthropometric and 
photogrammetric measurements were compared and the authors went on