on land. Dr. Leber! answered that an expensive 
receiving station would be needed for the recep- 
tion of radar data from land. 
Mr. H. Báhr (F.R.G.) asked what the present state 
of interferometric radar mapping was. Dr. Leberl 
answered that five years ago much had been 
expected of interferometric radar mapping, but 
that it was no more in use. He added that inves- 
tigations with single images prove that radar 
stereo-mapping gives better results than inter- 
ferometric radar measurement. 
Dr. K. Thomson (Canada) remarked that the prob- 
lem with Seasat data is not the reception of 
data but data processing. According to him, 
only 1/8 of the Seasat data can be processed. 
Dr. Leberl commented on the problems of 
processing, saying that the costs of a strip cov- 
ering an area of 400000 km? are US$2000. This 
includes only the costs of correlation. Conse- 
quently, the costs are not high, but access to 
over-crowded correlators is difficult. 
Dr. P. Fagundes (Brazil) asked whether the Seasat 
had also a thermal scanner. Dr. Leber! said he 
did not know, but an unidentified speaker said 
the Seasat had an older thermal scanner with 
poor resolving power. 
Dr. S. Paul (France) asked where Dr. Leberl had 
acquired the extensive bibliography on radar- 
grammetry. He answered that the compilation 
of the bibliography had demanded great effort. 
NASA has a bibliographical service of its own 
that is freely available. However, most works 
carried out in the U.S.A. deal with military pro- 
jects, and thus information about them is difficult 
to obtain. 
Mr. T. Nguyen (France) asked whether radar 
imagery could be applied to oceanography, 
among other things. Dr. Leber! said he thought 
that radar imagery provides information that is 
not obtainable from conventional images. Lunar 
scanning is an example of this; here a penetration 
of 3 km under the moon surface has been ob- 
tained. On the earth there is more water than 
on the moon, and for this reason penetration is 
difficult. So far, little experience has been gained 
using this technique. 
COMMISSION IV 
Presented Papers 
Author: Mr. G. Dowideit (F.R.G.) 
Title: A Block Adjustment for SLAR- 
imagery PP 111/18 
Here a block adjustment computer program for 
SLAR-imagery is presented. In addition to the 
geometrical relations between imagery and ob- 
ject space the dynamic problems of flight path 
and imaging process are studied. Accuracies 
from 20 m to 150 m had been obtained in tests. 
Author: Mr. R. Peterson (U.S.A.) 
Title: The Correlation of Anamorphic Er- 
rors in Holographic Radar Imagery 
PP 111/46 
Mr. Peterson describes the coherent side-looking 
radar principle and the optical corrections of 
scale errors of anamorphic holograms obtained 
using an instrument based on this principle. 
Author: Dr. H. Ebner (F.R.G.) 
Title: A Mathematical Model for Digital 
Rectification of Remote Sensing 
Data PP 111/19 
This last paper contained a procedure for recti- 
fying scanned imagery in which a stochastic 
process, specifically the Gauss Markov process, 
is employed to provide a model for the variation 
of sensor exterior orientation with time. Simulated 
examples were given to make the principle of 
the suggested approach evident. 
The President of Commission Ill, Dr. F. Acker- 
mann (F.R.G.), closed the session by announcing 
that the Commission would be chaired by the 
U.S.S.R. up to the next Congress. He congratu- 
lated the newly appointed President, Dr. /. Antipov 
from Novosibirsk. Furthermore, he extended his 
thanks to all who had participated in the work of 
Commission Ill at the Congress, and in the 
Symposia. He expressed his gratitude especially 
to the supporters of Commission Ill, Deutsche 
Forschungsgemeinschaft, the Ministry of Culture 
of Baden-Würtemberg, Deutsche Geodetische 
Kommission, and the U.S. Army European Re- 
search Office. 
TOPOGRAPHIC AND CARTOGRAPHIC APPLICATIONS 
APPLICATIONS TOPOGRAPHIQUES ET CARTOGRAPHIQUES 
TOPOGRAPHISCHE UND KARTOGRAPHISCHE ANWENDUNGEN 
President: — Mr. G. Ducher (France) 
Secretary: Mr. J. Denégre (France) 
Monday, July 12, 1976, from 16.15 to 17.00 
Session 1 of Commission IV 
Topic: Business Meeting 
Chairman: Mr. G. Ducher (France) 
When discussing the work of the Commission 
during the congress, the meeting decided to 
106 
schedule a certain number of preparatory meet- 
ings to allow time for the proper preparation of 
the Technical Sessions. 
1. July 14, 1976, at 14.00: Working Group concen- 
trating on automation, with Mr. M. Thompson 
(U.S.A.) as reporter. 
2. July 20, 1976, at 9.00: members of the panel