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Invited Paper 
Authors: Mr. F. Corten (Netherlands) 
Mr. F. Heimes (Netherlands) 
Title: Integrated Flight and Navigation 
Systems /P //05 
Mr. Corten gave a condensed review of 
a. the survey navigation methods and instruments 
available, 
b.the accuracy of these systems reached in 
survey flights, 
c.their possible applications in aerial photo- 
graphy and survey, and 
d. the cost/benefit of these systems. 
The following survey navigation methods were 
discussed by Mr. Corten: 
1. Visual contact navigation 
2. Deduced reckoning 
3. Ground controlled radio navigation 
4. Purely airborne navigation 
5. Integrated navigation. 
Special attention was given to the PHOTNAV 
system based on doppler, and to the Fokker 
F-27 integrated inertial system. A comparison 
was given of the merits of doppler and inertial 
navigation systems, with the conclusion that 
doppler-based systems were well-suited to use 
in propeller driven aircraft, but that despite high 
cost, inertial systems may be preferred for jet 
aircraft. 
Mr. Corten stated that doppler systems have 
a tendency to be more accurate for low speed 
aircraft, long flight lines, a low number of flight 
lines and turns, and for flights of long duration. 
Inertial systems can be regarded more accurate 
for high speed aircraft, short flight lines, a large 
number of flight lines and turns, and for flights 
of short duration. 
Additional remarks were given by Mr. Heimes 
who reported about the first experiences from 
test and training flights with Fokker F-27 at 
the Institut National de Cartographie of Algeria. 
INS-systems had proved to have a very high 
relative positioning accuracy. 
Presented Papers 
Author: Dr. D. Hobbie (F.R.G.) 
Title: Orthophoto Flight Planning 
Author: Dr. H. Schéler (G.D.R.) 
Title: Some Aspects of Photographic 
Flight Planning for the Orthophoto- 
graphy PP 1/28 
Authors: Mr. F. Corten (Netherlands) 
Mr. F. Heimes (Netherlands) 
Title: ITC PHOTNAYV System PP 1/10 
Mr. R. Ondrejka (U.S.A.) gave his comments upon 
the development in the United States within this 
field. 
The latter part of the session was devoted to 
Aerial Photography Instrumentation, subdivided 
into 
a. Aerial Camera Systems. 
b. Aircraft and Flight Systems, and 
c. Photographic Processing Equipment. 
Aerial Camera Systems 
A short presentation of Exhibitors’ news was 
given by Dr. K. Lorch of Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, 
(F.R.G.) and by Dr. O. Weibrecht of Carl Zeiss, 
Jena, (G.D.R.). 
Aircraft and Flight Systems 
Mr. Corten summarized his Presented paper, 
"A Decision Model for Optimizing the Survey . 
Flight System — Including Choice of Aircraft" 
(PP 1/08). 
Then a ten-minute film was shown on flight 
Systems using the aircraft AM-30 in the U.S.S.R. 
The show was preceded by an introduction by 
Dr. O. A. Gerasimova. (U.S.S.R.). 
The meeting was adjourned and continued in 
another lecture hall after a short brake. 
Short presentations of Exhibitors’ news con- 
cerning aircraft and flight systems were given by 
Mr. C. H. Collinsworth of Beech Aircraft (U.S.A.), 
Mr. R. F. Bradbury of Gates Learjet (U.S.A.), and 
Mr. T. Leacock of Mann Aviation (U.K.). 
Photographic Processing Equipment 
Recent developments in photographic processing 
equipment were presented by Mr. H. Morgan of 
Eastman Kodak (U.S.A), Mr. R. MacDonald of 
Gestalt International (Canada), Mr. H. Hiersemann 
of Himex Instruments (Sweden), and by Mr. C. 
Keating of Log. E. (U.S.A.). 
After a lively general discussion mainly on the 
characteristics of camera frame glass, Doppler 
and INS navigation systems, and automatic 
exposure control, Mr. Corten closed the three- 
hour-long session. 
Thursday, July 22, 1976, from 14.00 to 14.45 - 
Session 8of Commission | 
Topic: Business Meeting 
Chairman: Dr. E. P. Welander (Sweden) 
1. Opening of Business Meeting 
Dr. Welander opened the session and announced 
the purpose of the meeting. 
2. Decisions of the General Assembly 
Information on decisions made by the General 
Assembly as to the coming Council, Congress 
Site 1980 (Hamburg, F.R.G.), and Commission 
Boards was given by the Secretary, Mr. B. Adolfs- 
son (Sweden). 
3. Efficiency of I.S.P. Congresses 
The next item had been brought forward by the 
Council. It concerned the question of how to 
increase the efficiency of Congress work. No 
comments were made by the audience. 
4. Resolutions 
The main purpose of the meeting was to finalize 
the Resolutions to be passed over to the Council 
and the incoming Commission I. 
Dr. P. D. Carman (Canada), chairman of the ad- 
hoc Resolutions Committee, read the Draft 
Resolutions. The members of the Resolutions 
Committee had been Mr. F. Corten (Netherlands), 
Dr. H. Ziemann (Canada), Dr. R. Welch (U.S.A.), 
Mr. J. Sievers (F.R.G.), and Mr. R. W. Lorenz 
(Netherlands). 
89