Within the Bureau of the Census these remote sensing projects are 
handled by the International Statistical Programs Center and the 
Geography Division. 
In early 1973, a Remote Sensing Census Project agreement was 
negotiated with Afghanistan. An office was established in the 
capital city, Kabul. Complete Landsat imagery of the country was 
acquired. Equipment consisted of a color-additive viewer, a small 
color Diazo reproduction unit and other miscellaneous photographic 
items and materials. The goals of the project in Afghanistan were as 
follows: 
(1) To determine the feasibility of using Landsat imagery 
to produce census-related products and information, 
such as annotated photomaps and data. 
(2) To measure urban development for obtaining a model to 
verify and calibrate land cover as seen in Landsat 
imagery, in both urban and rural areas, with ground 
truth, and ultimately to develop a procedure for pro- 
ducing regional and national population estimates. 
Training courses for Afghan participants were held at the USGS EROS 
Data Center in Sioux Falls and at the Afghan Cartographic Institute 
in Kabul. 
In early 1974 a Remote Sensing Census Project agreement was negoti- 
ated with Kenya. A Nairobi Landsat office was established. Personnel 
to staff the office were trained, and Landsat imagery and related 
equipment for analysis were acquired. The Landsat imagery and the 
equipment acquired were similar to that of the Kabul office, with one 
addition, a density slicer. The basic project goals in Kenya are: 
1. To check conformity and discrepancies of 1969 Census maps. 
2. To study imagery for disappearance or changes of boundaries 
used in 1969 Census. 
3. To define enumeration area boundaries by using streams, 
ravines and similar features especially in dry areas. 
4. To consider using Landsat imagery to find alternatives to 
imaginary lines used in 1969 Census. 
5. To look for points or areas in desert areas occupied by 
nomads, points such as water holes and areas covered by 
significant patches of vegetation. 
6. To study distribution of population with regard to land 
cover in imagery. 
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