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Instructional Methods and Associated Learning Theories 
  
  
Exploratory learning emphasizing 
freedom and self-expression; 
evaluation retrospective and 
subjective 
  
  
Method of Instruction 
Leaderless discussion groups 
Co-operative projects 
Free background reading 
Individual project work 
Tutor-led discussions 
Tutor-led seminars 
Learning Cells (Goldschmid,1971) 
Lectures 
Hand-outs and guided reading 
Computer-managed learning 
Keller-Plan courses (Keller,1968) 
Programmed learning 
Computer-assisted instruction 
Rogers (1969) 
Humanist 
Maslow (1973) 
Bruner (1973) Cognitive 
Perry (1970) Developmental 
Marton. (1975) À 
Ausubel (1968) mitive 
O 
0 
Broadbent (1975) 
Lindsay and Information 
Norman (1972) pProcessing 
Pask (1969) 
Gagné (1974) Task Analysis 
Skinner (1954) Dehaviourist 
  
iated Learning Theory 
rm 
ASSO: 
  
Tight control of content and 
method; outcomes measured psycho- 
metrically and related to prede- 
  
  
termined specific objectives