ABSTRACT English 
Non-topographic applications of photogrammetry and the basic complications 
in them are identified. The general working systems and the impact of 
computer technology is presented. The role of management and the Value- 
Engineering approach are discussed. Cost-effectiveness ideas including 
the major cost categories are presented. More attention to education and 
research in this direction is advocated. 
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RESUMÉ French 
Les applications non-topographiques de la photogrammétrie et leurs compli- 
cations fondamentales sont identifiées. Les systèmes générals des opéra- 
tions et l'impact de la Technologie de l'Crdinateur sont présentés. Le 
rôle de l'administration et l'approche de "Value-Engineering' sont dis- 
cutés. Les idées de l'efficacité du coût est les catégories majeures du 
coût sont présentés. Plus d'attention dans l'education et recherche vers 
cette direction est recommandés. 
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG German 
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denen Schwierigkeiten werden aufgezeigt. Die im allgemeinen verwendeten 
Bearbeitungssystem: und der Einfluß der Computertechnologie auf diese 
Aufgaben werden dargesteilt. Die Bedeutung von Management, sowie des 
Wirisohat isl pgsnieuns werden besprochen. Schließlich werden Kosteneffi- 
zienzüberlegungen einschließlich der wichtigsten Kosten-faktoren darges- 
tolit, Mehr Augenmerk in diese Richtung, sowohl in Lehre, wie auch in 
der Forschung werden angeraten. 
Nichttopographische Anwendungen der Photogrammetrie und die damit verbun- 
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INTRODUCTION 
Photogrammetry, providing a non-contact remote sensing and measuring 
process, can be instantaneous if necessary and almost unlimited in its 
applications. It was just by chance that photogrammetry has been rather 
extensively used in topographical mapping for the last several decades. 
It is only recently that its importance has been felt in other fields of 
Science and engineering. 
The last two decades have not oniy given the photogrammetrist new 
platforms, new tools and new space worlds to measure and map, but have 
challenged him to apply his technique to newer problems in unforeseen 
areas and circumstances such as were considered generally impossible a 
few years ago. People realize and recognize that photogrammetry has yet 
much to offer. We have already witnessed its use not only on mapping 
heavenly bodies like the moon but also on mapping ultra-microscopic ob- 
jects like a human blood cell. The principal attraction of this techni- 
que in non-topographic applications is iu the fact that the data acquisi- 
tion can be performed in a short time with minimum disruption to other 
work. Oftentimes, however, the need for quick results and costs may hin- 
der its adoption. Herein lies the importance of the economic aspects. 
The fields of non-topographic applications being very extensive and 
macro-range applications being restricted to few governmental agencies,it 
will be pertinent for us to concentrate on the close-range and micro-range 
applications, where public interest seems to grow very steadily.