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The input data for compilation of the orthophoto base map are panchromatic
aerial photographs at approx. 1 : 100,000 scale (1 : 50,000 in Java, Madura and
Bali) and coordinates of control points. The aerial photographs will be transformed
to orthographic, distortion-free projection either by plane rectification (in flat
areas), or by differential rectification (in hilly and mountainous areas). The
ZEISS-Oberkochen SEG-6 Rectifier was selected for plane rectification and the
WILD Avioplan OR 1 for differential rectification.
Five WILD B8S Aviograph stereoplotters will supply analytical stereo-profiles
recorded on magnetic tape, to control offline printing of orthophotographs by the
OR 1 Avioplan. Mapping control, needed for orientation of aerial photographs in the
B8S stereoplotters and in the SEG-6 rectifier, is provided by a network of ground
control points and densified (supplemented) with a network of photo control
points.
Geodetic coordinates of ground control points will be determined by Doppler
satellite positioning. Field recording of satellite signals will be made by seven
Canadian Marconi Doppler receivers, model CMA-751. Two receivers will be located
at base stations of known positions on the perimeter of the surveyed region. The
remaining five "roving" receivers will be used for recording on sites of ground
control points between the two base stations. Simultaneous recording of satellite
signals by the base and the roving stations enables to reduce systematic errors in
determination of geodetic coordinates of ground control points. Re: orted relative
accuracy in X, Y and Z coordinates, obtained by this method in operational
application, is 1m to 2m. No other survey method can yield such an accuracy at
similar cost and in comparable time. Configuration of ground control points and the
recording procedure planned for Kalimantan were described by Rais (1978).
Further densification of vertical ground control (Z-coordinate only) will be
obtained from supplementary flights with the Airborne Profile Recorder (APR).
Although the system accuracy of height determination by APR is 1m to 2m, the
results will be affected by the type of vegetation cover and the actual accuracy is
expected to be 2m to 3m.
Coordinates of the photo control points, in the coordinate system of the
ground control points, will be determined by aerial triangulation and
photogrammetric block adjustment. The PAT-M (Program for Aerial Triangulation
with Independent Models), developed by Prof.Ackermann from Stuttgart University,
was selected as the most efficient computer software for this task.