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altitude rating resulted for sites which were not right at the exposed 
mountain peak, but below, in the upper third of the mountain. There, 
winds would still clear snow and the warming thermal inversions would 
still be felt. 
Slope. Terrain must be of sufficient gradient for predator protect 
ion and to lessen snow accumulation (Blood 1963). A "good" rating was 
given to sites which had a steep slope below the outcrop and little 
opportunity for access from above. Slopes were also judged in terms of 
their availability for grazing. 
Aspect. Snowmelt in early spring is necessary to provide bedding 
sites. Rocks receiving direct sunlight absorb heat, melting snow at 
the base, and make forage more easily available. The heat-retaining 
rocks also provide warm bedding sites. South and southwest aspects 
were rated "good" or "adequate", north and northwest were rated "poor" 
or "adequate". 
Vegetation. Vegetation must be available nearby for forage and 
secondarily, for bedding sites. The amount and quality of vegetation 
was analyzed using colour, tone and texture. A "good" rating was given 
to sites with vegetation among the outcrops and in lush amounts on open 
grazing slopes. 
Proximity to Winter Range. Lambing areas are generally connected or 
close to winter ranges (Dixon 1938, Blood 1963, Geist 1971). The 
previous work of Eccles (in prep.) and Hoefs (1979), as summarized in 
Stewart (1981), was used to identify those in the study area. 
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 
In total, 37 sites were analysed. Sites SI - S20 were in the south 
Ogilvie range and sites Cl - C17 were in the central range. Results 
are summarized in Figures 1 and 2. 
South Ogilvie Mountains (See Photos 1 and 2) 
Site Sla. Three ridges of cliffs begin in the upper half of the slope 
and progress up to a ridge. They are separated by well-vegetated slopes 
which are good for grazing. The cliffs are very rugged and scattered 
across the face of the slope, providing many options for escape. They 
face southwest and should green up early in the spring. The area is a 
known winter range. Site Sib is very similar, but it faces northeast. 
It is not a known wintering area. The outcrop runs up and down rather 
than across the slope and provides less opportunity for escape. 
Site S2. This group of cliffs is very near the mountain peak, 
situated in a flat saddle. They face southwest and there is a small 
amount of vegetation among them. There is a large, vegetated slope 
beneath the cliffs but it is too distant from the protection of the 
rock. 
Site S3. These outcrops run up and down diagonally, paralleling 
each other. Although they face southwest, the valley is deeply incised 
and may retain snow late in the year. Vegetation is well distributed 
over the slope. 
Site S4. These fairly flat slopes are lower in altitude that Site 
S3. They face southwest and the cliffs are not rugged but are well 
separated. Vegetation is nil. 
Site S5. This site is very similar to Site S3, but is at much lower 
altitude. Again, the flat slope makes access by predators easy and the 
small number and height of the cliffs provide little escape terrain. 
Site S6. This site is at very low altitude and allows easy approach 
by predators. There is one major cliff-face, unbroken, along a knife- 
edge ridge. Vegetation is completely lacking and the site has a western 
aspect.