Isions 
Y and 
to a 
ont, a 
rolled 
photo 
: for 
dinate 
(e. g. 
tation 
eived 
puter- 
ar 
into 
ptical 
)bser- 
impo- 
1agni- 
PG 2 
X. 
this 
ately 
clude 
) chen 
derni- 
- Exchange of obsolete 
electronic control equipment 
- Exchange of computers 
meanwhile obsolete:Data General 
Nova 
Hewlett Packard 
DEC 
etc. 
for advanced PCs with 386 or 486 
processors based on MS/DOS or 
UNIX, or for Microstation 
- Exchange of software mean- 
while obsolete (fittingly described by 
a renowned company as 
"fossilware") for modern one 
- Linkage of modernized analog 
or analytical plotters to comprehen- 
sive plotting systems such as 
PHOCUS (Zeiss), INFOCAM (Leica), 
etc. 
2.3 Orthoprojectors 
The most widely used orthophoto 
instruments include: 
Orthocomp Z 2: Zeiss 
Avioplan OR 1: Wild. 
Upgrading is made similarly to that of 
analytical plotters (Section 2.2). 
3. Summary 
By upgrading, the efficiency of 
existing older photogrammetric 
plotting instruments can be increased 
and their life extended by five to ten 
years. A number of renowned and 
newly founded companies offer 
excellent services in this area (see 
Section 4). 
Digital photogrammetric equipment is 
more and more gaining ground. In 
the year 2000, analog and analytical 
plotters will, however, not completely 
be replaced by it for a long time yet 
[6]. 
There are company representatives 
advancing the opinion that in 1996, 
when the next ISPRS Congress will 
be held, the upgrading of the oid 
instruments will no longer be 
necessary and will be of academic 
significance only. They believe digital 
photogrammetry will have fully 
replaced conventional photogram- 
metry at this time. 
This opinion seems to be unrealistic. 
What can be expected is that the 
transition to digital photogrammetry 
will be steadily continued in map 
production and in the generation of 
GIS data banks. It will, however, still 
take ten years or more until it is 
completed. And during this time we 
need well functioning plotting 
instruments as well as techniques 
mastered by their operators. 
4. References 
[1] ADAM Technology, PE&RS 
1993,p.795 
[2] APY Photogrammetric 
Systems GmbH, PE&RS 
1993,p.795 
[3] Carl Zeiss, Brochures 1993 
[4] DAT/EM Systems Inter- 
national, Brochures 1993 
[5] DAT/EM, Tomorrow's Digital 
Mapping Technology, PE&RS 
1993, p.807/808 
[6] GIM Interviews the photo- 
grammetric Industry. 
Geodetic Info Magazine- GIM, 
Lemmer/ The Netherlands, 
12/1993,p.31-34 
[7] International Systemap Corp. 
ISM Brochures 1993 
[8] Leica Inc. PE&RS 993, p.835/ 
836 
[9] QASCO Analytical Systems, 
GIM 5/1993,p.22 
[10] QASCO, New Upgrade for 
AP's, PE&RS 1993,p.1207