EEE NEN 
+ High Definition X 
3414 
      
  
  
Kodak step tablet no.3 
“IN ip See AS 
diffuse density 
ee TR 
   
  
  
    
  
- 0.17 
=02/ Plus - X 2402 
- 031 Tri - X 2403 
-0.41 
  
- 0.54 
  
Fig. 8: Influence of magnification optics and emulsion orientation on 
the density measurement with the Joyce-Loebl 3CS microdensito- 
meter (measured with 10 um slit width and 100 um slit height, 
related to the sample). 
Curves 1: numerical aperture of 0.1/0.25 for condensing lens/ 
objective lens (magnification 10x), emulsion towards 
the objective lens; 
curves 2: like 1, emulsion towards the condensing lens; 
curves 3: numerical apertures of 0.1/0.5h for condensing lens/ 
objective lens (magnification 20x), emulsion towards 
the objective lens. 
4. CONCLUSION (9 
First should be pointed out that due to the exemplary character of the 
investigation the obtained results may not yet be used for the derivation 
of corrections for other measurements. On the one hand the influence of 
various film processing conditions on the diffusing properties of the 
films has not yet been investigated. All of the used samples were processed 
in the laboratory and not under operational conditions. On the other hand 
one must be prepared for individual instrumental errors inherent in each 
measuring instrument. 
Nevertheless the following conclusions may be drawn. 
1. The utilization of only one calibrated step wedge does not suffice. 
2. For each film type a calibrated step wedge of the same film material 
must be used. 
10