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THE MEASUREMENTS OF THE SURFACE WATER CURRENTS OF HORMSUND FJORD 
BY PHOTOGRAMMETRIC METHOD. 
Pawet Madejski 
Marek Lewandowski 
Geodesy and Cartography Enterprise 
Szczecin, Poland. 
ABSTRACT 
The necessity of a simultaneous measurements of the large water surfa- 
ces, was the reason that the photogrammetric method was used. From the 
altitude of several hundred meters the water surface photos with floa- 
ting bergy bits, ice floats and growlers were taken in the horizontal 
position of the camera axis and with the exterior orientation of the 
camera exactly determined. 
All the photos were taken in a windless weather. On the base of the 
photogrammetric photos the maps of the trajectories and a speed vec- 
tors of the bergy bits were elaborated. The statistic analysis of the 
resutts were done in order to find the relation between the speed and 
the movement of floating marks and the tidal cycle. 
1. INTRODUCTION. 
In summer 1985 the measurements of the surface water currents of Horn- 
sund Fjord in the region of the Polish Polar Station in Spitsbergen 
were carried out. For that purpose the terriestrial photogrammetric 
photos were used. The adopted assumption as well as the way of the mea- 
surements execution afforded possibilities for registration of water 
movements within the large area. The collected photographic material 
allowed to make thorough study of the occured changes in currents speed 
and it's directions during the whole tidal cycle. 
The principles of processing of these measurements were as well as on 
the later elaboration of the obtained results supervised by Kazimierz 
Furmariczyk D.Sc. employee of the Gdarisk University - the Expedition 
organizer. 
The field measurements as well as the later elaboration of their re- 
sults were made by this paper autors, employee of the Geodesy and Car- 
tography Enterprise in Szczecin, Remote Sensing Department. 
2. PRELIMINARY ASSUMPTIONS AND EXECUTIONS OF LOCAL WORKS. 
Choice of the measurements method of the surface water currents was 
decided after taking into consideration different factors. First of all 
it was necessary to limit the indispensable range of the field work as 
well as to reduce the number of the measuring team. The existing local 
fields conditions were the other factor which caused such a choice. 
Hornsund Fjord surrounded with several hundred meters mountains gave 
the favourable conditions for taking pictures of the examined area of 
water surface. Additionally the ice floats, bergy bits and growlers 
contrasting with water surface and coming from the Fjord interior made 
the very good possibility of registration of changes in their position 
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