(1) AL » A. AX n»m
where
AL=L- L(X9) : observed minus computed observations;
AX : unknown elements;
A : design-matrix giving the functional relations between the unknown elements
and the AL-values;
n : number of observations;
m : number of unknown elements.
The covariance matrix of AL is denoted as Q, with variance factor c; , hence
(2) y - $.Q,
The weight matrix of AL is denoted as
(9 P-d
The general least-squares solution of (1) is:
(4) x = Xx° + (A'paytatau
where
O |
X' : approximate values for all unknown elements;
: : : t -1
X : a solution for the unknown elements with covariance matrix i. = (A PA)
- 396 =