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AERIAL TRIANGULATION WITH AUXILIARY DATA, BRANDENBERGER 95 
formal Gauss Projection into rectangular spherical coordinates having the machine scale 
used in carrying out the aerolevelling at the Wild Autograph A-7 (bz — 0 method). In 
order to obtain information about the internal accuraey of the bz — 0 triangulation only 
map points are available for test purposes. A Strip adjustment is presently being carried 
out using these map points as test points. 
The Institute óf Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography is furthermore con- 
cerned with a study of Stellar Photogrammetry. The purpose of this study is to design 
an automatic recording system for « and q and x, as well as for the positions of the 
individual exposure stations by using star photographs taken with a special stellar cam- 
era. Such star photographs may be considered as means to produce auxiliary data for 
the triangulation of the flight path (line of exposure stations) and have their practical 
significance in aircraft navigation. 
The radar profile method combined with information from oblique photographs was 
used in a 200 km vertical photography strip flown on 9000 m above ground. This strip 
was flown in Canada and the Wild RC5a camera was used [9" X 9", f — 6"]. The strip 
adjustment was done by using one control point at both ends and in the middle of the 
strip. The following standard residual errors were obtained from test points located in 
the axis of the strip: m, — + 7.7 m, My EB. m, my — 80 m. 
Mr. J. M. Lawson from the U.S. Geological Survey reports that this organization has 
made use of radar profiles and statoscopes, but not to any signifieant extent. For recon- 
naissance mapping it is planned to consider the future use of radar profile, radar photo- 
graphy and Doppler tracking. 
Also, the Engineer Research and Development Laboratories, U.S. Army (report by 
Col. G. G. Lorenz) are concerned with the use of auxiliary data for aerial triangulation. 
At present experimental work is in progress on the following systems: Simultaneous 
aerial photography and Airborne Profile Recordings (APR); Dual Aircraft Mapping 
System utilizing APR to record clearances between the ground and aircraft, and Shoran- 
Tellurometer combination to measure base distances between two airplanes in flight; and 
Santoni’s system of Solar Aerial Triangulation. The tests of procedures developed for 
using high precision Shoran-controlled aerial photography (Hiran) in multiplex mapping 
have been completed. 
The future use of the above mentioned systems to produce auxiliary data depends 
on the results of tests being performed to determine their suitability for use in military 
mapping. Any promising new idea in the use of auxiliary data will be investigated for 
possible future military use. 
In the case of simultaneous aerial photography and Airborne Profile Recordings the 
following procedure is applied: APR data is reduced and vertical points selected at con- 
venient locations along the profile path are measured to determine their positions on the 
photograph in relation to specific points indicated on the APR chart and recorded by the 
auxiliary spotting camera. Four spots are normally recorded to one prime vertical cam- 
era exposure. The APR vertical points selected are utilized in strip triangulations to 
determine the scale for the individual models and as vertical control points. 
The Dual Aircraft Mapping System utilizes photography having both 60 percent 
overlap and 60 percent sidelap. This system is presently in the development stage and 
the possibility of utilizing such airborne auxiliary data for aerial triangulation is studied. 
As far as the application of the Hiran system is concerned it is to be mentioned that 
the reduced Hiran nadir positions are averaged over entire strips to reduce inherent er- 
rors in the Hiran system. The photographic nadir positions are established by aerolevell- 
ing using altimeter data and in the transverse direction by use of cross-flight photo- 
graphy. The “bz” curve adjustment method is used for false tilt corrections in flight 
direction.