A. A Direct Solution 
6) Using matrix notation, the system of observational equations for an m- 
ray 
. solution, according to formulas (3) or (15), may be written as: | 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
fic 
i r 10, Le | 3 f. 
ions A, V | B [^ Q 
| | | | 
of 
uals, A» Vo Ba | | 4, 2, 
uch | 
18 
- Az V3 Ba | | 43 is] 9 
o © © © o 
d.c 
geous s e 9 . . 
'On- 
A V B A ) 
m m m m 
/ssi- - dl. = ; id 8 - m 
a 
The A; are the coefficient matrices of the corresponding residual vectors 
Vi . In case the absolutely given control data are considered flawless 
Aj* A55 A29 0 © = An I 
the 
the unit matrix. The Bj are the coefficient matrices of the vectors of the 
corresponding parameter corrections AY + The d: are the vectors of the 
&bsolute terms of the observational equations. We may rewrite the system of 
observational equations with obvious notation as Av = BA- 4 (19) 
with the weights P | 
: . Assuming the observations to be independent and normally distributed the 
> 
most probable values of the unknowns are obtained by minimizing v7 Pv 3 
where P denotes the weight matrix 
E 7 
Te 
P3 (20) 
"D 
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