ABSTRACT 
THE INTEGRATION OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND ELECTRONIC 
DATA PROCESSING EQUIPMENT FOR HIGHWAY DESIGN 
by Frederick J. Doyle 
Highway planning by photogrammetric means starts with an 
annotated mosaic on which preliminary route studies are made. 
The same photography is used to prepare a topographic map 
from which alignment, grade, and earthwork are estimated for 
alternate routes. When the best route is selected new large 
scale photography is obtained along the preferred route. 
Alignment sheets are prepared and transverse profiles are 
determined in the stereoplotter at standard intervals. From 
these data final design quantities are computed by standard 
engineering methods, 
Attachments are available which automatically record the 
center line offset and elevation for cross section notes read 
in the stereoplotter. The output from these units serves 
directly as input to the electronic digital computer. 
Electronic computation has practically eliminated hand 
calculation from the highway design procedure. Alignments, 
grades, profiles, design templates, cross sections, and mass 
diagrams are computed in terms of rectangular coordinates. 
These are printed out in tabular form and also punched on 
cards or tape. The latter are fed directly to an automatic 
line plotter, thus eliminating much of the tedious drafting 
formerly required, 
A few organizations have introduced aerial triangulation 
as part of the standard procedure. The adjustment of such 
triangulation is also accomplished in the electronic computer. 
Analytical techniques have been developed for simul- 
taneous solution of all photographs in a project. Although 
reading image coordinates in a stereocomparator is not much 
faster than performing the triangulation in a first order 
plotter, work is under way in automatic image matching and 
point measuring. 
The STEREOMAT, produced by Benson-Lehner Corporation, is 
an attachment to a standard plotting instrument which will 
automatically perform relative orientation, plot contours, 
and draw profiles. Components of the INTEGRATED MAPPING 
SYSTEM, manufactured by Fairchild Camera and Instrument 
Corporation, will store profile data on tape and produce an 
orthophotograph which has the same planimetric accuracy as a 
map. The combination of these systems will eliminate the re- 
maining handwork in the photogrammetric electronic highway 
design procedure.