rs to 
d for. 
efits, 
ound 
tions 
exhi- 
rid 
Nide- 
VWW 
'orm- 
s and 
S the 
ucts. 
'Okes 
new 
ions. 
elop- 
art of 
n the 
some 
used 
lica- 
5, the 
iccu- 
Norld 
Sys- 
liffer- 
and 
new 
es in 
com- 
osent 
tured 
date 
hard- 
rious 
rated 
f giv- 
envi- 
n 2000. 
TU12 - Multi-source data fusion in photogrammetry 
and remote sensing 
Convenor: C. Pohl 
Location: ITC Enschede 
Date: July 14th, whole day 
Lecturers: C. Pohl, 
E. Baltasvias, 
M. Hahn 
Number of participants: 16 
This tutorial provided an introduction to multi-source data 
fusion. It dealt with fusion of sensor data and other knowl- 
edge sources (databases, model knowledge, rules etc.), 
fusion of multi-sensor data at different processing levels. It 
covered both airborne and spaceborne sensor data. After 
introducing definitions, an overview of multi-source data 
fusion was given. This included possible applications, data 
types involved, different fusion levels and processing tech- 
niques, problems and requirements. The tutorial then con- 
tinued in two major blocks: 
Fusion of image data and GIS/map databases and fusion 
of multiple cues, including topics like fusion/homogenisa- 
tion of GlS/map databases. 
Data, especially image fusion, using mainly data from 
spaceborne sensors. 
Both blocks provided an overview on data, fusion tech- 
niques, processing chains and knowledge requirements, 
followed by illustrative examples. Special emphasis was 
placed on examples and case studies using satellite data 
(SPOT, Landsat, ERS-1/2, JERS-1, IRS-1C) and airborne 
sensors (colour and NIR film cameras, stereo and multi- 
spectral line CCDs, laser scanner). Examples of extraction, 
reconstruction and classification of objects were pre- 
sented, with applications in topographic mapping and 
map updating, change detection, generation of 3-D city 
models, land use monitoring and natural disaster manage- 
ment. The presentation included selected elements out of 
a multimedia tutorial on data fusion developed by ITC. 
ISPRS 
2000 
  
TU15 - Image analysis techniques for aerial image 
interpretation 
Convenor: W. Eckstein 
Location: RAI Amsterdam 
Date: July 15th, afternoon 
Lectureres: W. Eckstein, 
C. Steger 
Number of participants: 19 
First, the advantage of multiple input data (e.g., colour, 
infrared, DEM) and the information that can be derived 
from these sources was discussed. Besides sensor data, 
‘synthetic” input images were generated (e.g., using tex- 
ture filters) to support the segmentation process. 
Depending on the class of the object, the extraction must 
be selected: compact artificial objects may be seg- 
mented using primitives like areas, lines or points. Linear 
objects, like roads, are similar but the borders are curves 
and their size is not limited. Arbitrary areas like meadows, 
forests or fields have an arbitrary boster and are mainly 
defined by their specific texture. Objects like trees or cars 
have to be treated in a very specific manner. Finally, dif- 
ferent base algorithms for segmentation were discussed: 
pixel classification is very simple but lacks the use of 
context. The extraction of primitives (edges, lines, area, 
points) may be used as a basis for a wide class of 
objects. Texture analysis can be used for a rough seg- 
mentation of the image. Specialised operations are use- 
ful for the extraction of objects like single trees or to sup- 
port the interpretation process. 
In the second part, different examples of image interpre- 
tation were given. These comprised road, forest, and 
building extraction. Here the use of features, knowledge, 
models and control structures was discussed. 
  
Tutorial 
TLI1 
TU2 
TUS 
TUS 
1012 
TU15 
Total 
  
Participants 
Duration (days) | 
18 0,5 
41 1,0 
12 1,0 | 
9 0,5 / 
16 1,0 / 
19 0,5 
115 / 
  
International Archives of Photogrammerty and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXIII, Part A. Amsterdam 2000. 
129