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Hanke, Klaus 
THE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC CONTRIBUTION 
TO ARCHAEOLOGICAL DOCUMENTATION OF PREHISTORY 
Klaus Hanke 
CIPA - The ICOMOS /ISPRS Committee for Documentation of Cultural Heritage 
Institute of Geodesy, University of Innsbruck 
Technikerstrasse 13, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria 
Phone: +43-512-5076752, E-mail: Klaus.Hanke@uibk.ac.at 
Working Group V/5 
KEY WORDS: archaeology, CAD, close-range photogrammetry, documentation 
ABSTRACT 
During the last decade there was a big archaeological sensation finding a 5000 year old mummy called "Otzi", the man 
from Hauslabjoch on a glacier in the Alps. Our institute had overtaken the task to document the mummy itself and the 
connected surrounding. The photogrammetric data was captured using a Linhof metrica semi-metric camera with a 4" x 
5" format. The photos have been scanned using KODAK PhotoCD Pro in high resolution of 4096 x 6144 pixels. The 
restitution of the mummy's surface proves to be very ambitious and is still going on to visualize at least parts of the 
body. 
Close to the place where the mummy has been found, a very typical piece of rock was found and excavated. 
Archaeologists regard it to be a hiding place or shelter for prehistoric shepherds. This rock has also been documented 
photogrammetrically using digital techniques. The created virtual 3D-modell was the basis for a real model in scale 
1:20, which has been built by the archaeologists for a demonstration and for further scientific investigations. 
The background and working flow of both outstanding photogrammetric documentations will be shown. 
1 PHOTOGRAMMETRIC DOCUMENTATION OF "HOHLER STEIN" 
In course of archaeological surveys the oldest human traces of the Otztal-valley were found. Under the so-called 
"Hohler Stein" (i.e. "hollow rock"), a big rock shelter near Vent (municipality of Sólden, the Tyrol, Austria) was 
discovered at a height of 2050 meters above the sea level and not more than 10 km from the famous Iceman's place of 
discovery, a respective camp with fire places and stone tools. It seems to date from the 6th / 5th millenium B. C. This is 
an evidence for the fact that the main chain of the Alps was explored by hunters, gatherers and herdsmen already at 
such an archaic time. 
  
    
Fig. 1: Archaeological site "Hohler Stein" Fig. 2: Wireframe model of the object 
In summer 1997 we have been asked by the Institute for Prehistory and Protohistory at the University of Innsbruck to 
try a surveying and representation of this rock shelter for documentation and further creation of a solid model 1:10 for 
an exhibition of the archaeological site. 
  
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXIII, Part B5. Amsterdam 2000. 355