Boersma, Saskia M. 
  
5 WOUND MEASUREMENT: THE FIRST RESULTS 
Experiments with patients were carried out to measure wounds of humans. Different types of wounds, not only pressure 
sores, were recorded. The measurement process lasts in total only 5 minutes per patient. The calibration has to take 
place once for each recording session because the cameras and the system are fairly stable (section 3.3). Differences 
only occur after transportation of the system. 
We found that wounds with a moist and a flat surface are hard to record, because the many occurring reflections. We 
were unable to measure wounds with a very steep surface completely, because the wound is only partly visible in some 
images. In the plastic models we saw that lack of texture makes the matching process difficult. This was also true for 
real wounds. Therefore, we added texture projection in the second image acquisition session with patients. 
Table 2 lists the results of three patients that gave fairly good results. The first patient had a large wound on her head. 
This wound showed enough texture to give a fairly good matching result. The second patient had a pressure sore on the 
buttock. The skin caused too many reflections and lacked texture. The third patient also had a pressure sore on the 
buttock. This time texture projection was used, which resulted in a much smoother surface model. Figure 8 shows the 
images taken with the three different cameras and the final result of the third patient. 
  
  
  
   
   
  
      
  
  
   
    
— 
  
: CERE ERE CR EA A 
| ER RR 
SE EEE 
sn se 
X EE CLITA SO 
dE VO 
5 TE rer AA 
e N A 
SEEN CDL A DONA CO 
Camera 1 
Height (cm) 
e 
= == 
= eM e 
i 
5 OS x cS 
COO NR un 
Cir i AS a 
E REN 
5 6 = Tr 
A epum ss ed 
^ MC C RIS = N i E 
Ro ee eese A MA 
   
  
  
    
   
  
    
  
   
   
   
   
   
| OU 
ERT 
VERA ATR, 
CAREER TAA 
18 % OS EN 
: eU AT ECC ESAE ES 
Camera 2 er. AO 
= : ; OC ETH 
CE AE 
s 
  
      
Camera 3 Y (cm) 
  
  
  
  
Figure 8: Created DSM of head wound 
6 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH 
This research provided that digital close-range photogrammetry is an accurate, efficient, fast and non-contact method to 
measure features of pressure sores in a very patient-friendly way. With the use of texture projection a DSM of a flat 
surface can be generated with a precision of 0.4 mm in height. With texture projection the precision of the DSM of a 
pressure sore can be better than 0.7 mm in height. The reliability is improved by combining the three different models 
into one final DSM. 
  
  
  
90 International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXIII, Part B5. Amsterdam 2000 
Future 
and on 
The pr 
relativ 
the sy: 
advant 
to be | 
the acc 
ACKN 
The au 
video 
Finally 
REFE 
Bulstr: 
compa 
Erikss 
stereo] 
Goock 
generz 
Health 
The H 
de Jon 
Msc tl 
Kruck 
Indust 
Ng, K 
Bioste 
of the 
Plassn 
Vol. 1 
Resch 
measu 
no. 6, 
Softpl 
Weste 
kamm 
Http:/