CP calculated 
ID CP Elevation Elevation Difference 
G0003 258.6 213.1 45.5 
G0004 -22.2 -29.2 7 
G0006 157.2 141.2 15.9 
G0008 219 233.1 -14.2 
G0009 11.9 30 -18.1 
G0012 1.6 ES 0.1 
G0013 49.4 67.5 -18.1 
G0014 -22.1 -36.9 14.9 
G0015 -21.5 -21.3 -0.2 
G0016 474.2 453.2 21 
G0017 -11 -8.5 -2.5 
  
  
  
  
  
Table 2. Error analysis on CPs in generated DTM by PCI 
International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part Bl. Istanbul 2004 
The result of Table 1 could be summarized as: 
No. of GCPs :6 
RMS Error = 18.7 
Average Error : 7.4 
Maximum Error : 40.1 
(Unit: Metres.) 
The result of Table 2 could be summarized as: 
No. of CPs “EI 
RMS Error : 18.8 
Average Error : 4.7 
Maximum Error : 45.5 
(Units: Metres) 
Figure 7 shows the general view of the generated DTM. The 
black areas inside the image are the place that matching was 
unsuccessful. 
  
Figure 7. The automatic DTM generated by OrthoEngine 
For evaluating the DTM, the generated DTM subtracted from 
the provided DTM of the Area. The provided DTM as it was 
mentioned previously doesn't cover the entire images and the 
^ coverage is about 60-75%. Therefore, the evaluation has been 
done on the common area. Because of the non stability in the 
coastal line, the area for the comparison is selected as Figure 8. 
The difference image is shown in Figure 9. In some areas, there 
are some gross errors to the mismatching. It means that the 
software has accepted two points as a pair but in the reality they 
are not. It is different form the regions that the software 
declares them as not matched place. In Figure 9, some of them 
are indicated by the red color. 
The result of the difference, which is shown in Figure 9, is: 
- Median = -84m 
- Mean -28.1 m 
- Standard Deviation = 66.9m 
    
  
   
     
   
     
      
    
     
      
     
     
     
    
   
   
   
    
    
     
  
    
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