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International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B2. Istanbul 2004
SYSTEM COMPONENTS AND DESIGN
Figure 3 shows a diagram of the integrated system, which has
two basic components: the server side, and the client side. On
the server side, ESRI® ArcSDE is used to manage the spatial
database on the server. On the client side, three subsystems
connect the spatial database through the Internet. Each
subsystem is described in detail in the following sections.
Satellite
Cell
FDA phone
On-site Mobile
Spatial System Shoreline Erosion
\
Awareness System
Coastal Structure
Permit System
Server
Figure 2. System Architecture.
On-site Mobile GPS Signal
Spatial System iB
Shoreline Erosion
Web Serven (JS) Awareness System
ActiveX Connector + C#
+ ASP.Net + ADO.NET
Coastal Structure
Permit System
ArcIMS Spatial Server
(Image Service)
Client
Figure 3. System Design Diagram.
Shoreline Erosion Awareness Subsystem
In the shoreline erosion awareness subsystem, observations of
shoreline and bluff positions are made using satellite imagery
and aerial photographs. Periodic comparisons of these features
provide a basis for determining short- and long-term erosion
rates. The purpose of this subsystem is to predict shoreline
changes due to crosion processes. This subsystem provides
fundamental information for examining environmental changes
and supporting coordination between coastal management and
land-use decision making. This information can be used to
identify coastal areas at high risk of erosion in the present and
in the future and to locate areas in need of protection.
>
The interface of this subsystem has been designed using
Microsoft® FrontPage. The ESRI® ArcIMS HTML viewer
provides users with GIS functionalities. Using ArcIMS image
services, historic and predicted shorelines are overlaid onto
parcel maps. With the hyperlink function, users are able to
easily locate current and future erosion-impacted parcels. This
helps the owner of an impacted parcel make an appropriate
decision, e.g., to sell the property or construct a shore erosion
control structure.
On-site Mobile Spatial Subsystem
A customized ArcIMS-based web page is designed using
Microsoft? ASP.Net and the C£ language. Through the
ActiveX connector, the web page communicates with the
ArcIMS image service that is established on the server. A PDA
is used as a mobile client. The PDA connects to the server
through the wireless Internet via a cell phone. The user can
submit a request to the server through the web page. When the
server receives the request, it processes the data and transfer the
results back to the client. A portable GPS device is connected
to the PDA to provide position information that can be used to
locate the user's position and/or to update the database through
the PDA. Figure 4 shows the equipment used in the on-site
mobile spatial subsystem, including a Compaq" iPaq 3850
Pocket PC, a Pharos^ Portable GPS device, and a Motorola”
Star TAC 7860 cell phone.
Figure 4. Hardware of the On-site Mobile Spatial Subsystem.
Coastal Structure Permit Subsystem
The coastal structure permit subsystem simulates the decision-
making process for granting Shore Structure Permits in a GIS
environment. The purpose of such a subsystem is to help
ODNR officials quickly and efficiently evaluate the potential
impact of new structures. It also allows local residents not only
to submit applications through this web-based system, but also
to track their application during the review process. The
subsystem incorporates geospatial data relevant to ODNR's
permit ^ approval process. It includes shorelines,
aerial/ IKONOS-derived orthophotos, a coastal terrain model
(CTM), a water surface model (WSM), and parcel and
construction design maps. It also includes USGS (U. S.
Geological Survey) DOQ (Digital Orthophoto Quadrangle),
DLG (Digital Line Graph), and DEM. These data are used in
the application review process followed by ODNR managers.
Figure 5 shows the logical data model of the coastal structure
permit system. Each application includes information about the
applicant, structure design, land parcel and other information.
Utilizing ADO.Net and ArcIMS, the subsystem maintains
database updates and performs spatial analysis. A 3D
visualization tool is developed using ESRI ArcObjects,
Microsoft® Visual Basic, and OpenGL. It can be installed
locally in a computer at an ODNR office and connects to the
