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International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B2. Istanbul 2004
The sensor model provides the sensor parameters defined in
Clause 10 so that the rigorous geo-locating method can be
performed.
Provision of a functional fit between image and geographic
coordinates is an alternative to supplying the sensor model
information. The functional fit may be derived from a sensor
model and supplied to the user instead. Four types of functional
fit models have been defined in the standard for geolocation:
the polynomial model, the ratios of polynomial model, the
universal real-time model, and grid interpolation model (Figure
6).
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Figure 7. The UML class diagram of SD. GCPCollection
Ground control points (GCPs) provide the geographic location
of specific cells/pixels in the imagery and gridded data. Four
permissible ways of providing GCPs are defined in the
standard. In the first method, a pixel/cell's sensor data
coordinate (i.e., line, column), and the Earth location of the
pixel in a Coordinate Reference System (i.e., x, y and the
optional z) are provided. In the second, a ground control point
identifier and a pixel/cell's sensor data coordinate (i.e., line,
column) can be obtained. In the third, geographic location is
obtained from the location on the map relative to a set of GCPs
whose geographic location is known. In this case, a designation
for the point and a geographic location are provided. GCPs may
be either regularly or irregularly distributed in sensor
coordinates. In the fourth, a ground control point identifier and
à reference to an organization or a registry from which the
Earth location corresponding to that identifier can be obtained.
Such a method is used when the supplier of the geolocation
information may wish to restrict access, for example for
proprietary or military security reasons (Figure 7).
Do
wo
3. THE FUTURE PLAN
The ISO 19130 CD-1 is being voted by ISO TC 211 P-
members. There are two possible outcomes from the vote:
advancing the CD into the stage of Draft International Standard
(DIS) inquiry or have another version of CD (CD-2). The
project team felt although the CD-1 was quite complete it was
not ready for DIS. The intention for the project team to release
CD-1 is to solicit inputs and comments from international
remote sensing and geospatial communities for improving the
committee draft.
Based on ISO rules, once a standard reaches the CD stage, the
project team will be automatically disbanded and an editing
committee (EC) will be formed to edit the standard based on
comments submitted by ISO TC 211 members and liaison
organizations through the official channels. The EC consists of
a chair, an editor, and members nominated by ISO TC 211
members. Traditionally, the convenor of the working group the
project belongs to will become the chair of the EC and the chair
of the standard development project team the editor. In the case
of ISO 19130, the chair of the EC is C. Douglas O'Brien of
Canada, and the editor Liping Di of USA.
The EC will hold its first meeting in conjunction with ISO TC
211 Plenary in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia on May 25 and 26,
2004. During the 19130 CD-1 voting period, ISO TC 211
Secretariat has received about 400 comments. The EC meeting
will go through those comments to determine if a comment
should be accepted, rejected, or partially accepted. It is
expected ISO 19130 CD-2 will be issued around September
2004.
As we discussed. in this paper, ISO 19130 only standardizes the
description of geometric property of remote sensors. Another
important property of remote sensors is their radiometric
property, which has not been standardized yet. The ISO 19130
data model has used a radiometry class (see Figure 1) as a
placeholder. Consequently, ISO TC 211 Working Group 6
decided to initiate preparatory work for setting an ISO standard
on radiometric calibration and validation of remote sensing data
under the ISO 19130 project team. The decision was reported to
the ISO TC211 Plenary in May 2003 [11]. So far the
preparatory work has produced a new work item proposal
(NWIP). It is expected that the new ISO project on radiometric
calibration and validation of remote sensing data will be started
at the end of 2004 or early 2005.
4. CONCLUSIONS
ISO 19130 is one of important international remote sensing
standards currently under development. — Successful
development of the standard will make the interoperability of
remote sensing data produced by data producers around the
world possible. Because ISO 19130 will cover wide range of
sensors used in remote sensing, the project team needs inputs
and comments from experts. As the developers of this ISO
standard, we invite the international remote sensing community
to participate in the development of this standard.
REFERENCES
[1] ISO TC 211, http://www isote2 1 I .org.
[2]. Di, L., 2003. “The Development of Remote-Sensing
Related Standards at FGDC, OGC, and ISO TC 211.”
Proceedings of IEEE International Geoscience and Remote
Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2003), July 21-25, Toulouse,
France. 4p.
