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International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B2. Istanbul 2004 
Betore Disaster: 
e To take technical, legal, administrational precautions 
in order to survive the society with less damage and 
: physical loss 
e To include disaster damage mitigation studies in all 
stages of development in order to stop growing of 
present risk and to obtain sustainable development 
e To obtain effective and fast preparation 
e To carry out effective educational programs that 
would help all parts of society to be saved with 
minimum damage 
During disaster and after the disaster: 
e To rescue maximum number of effected people and 
heal them 
e To create a secure and developed living environment 
for the people who are effected by the disaster 
e To supply all vital needs of survivors and providing 
the daily life to be brought on normal 
* To compensate possible economical and social loss as 
soon as possible 
2. DISASTER AND EMERGENCY 
SYSTEM (AFAYBIS) 
MANAGEMENT 
Disaster and Emergency Management System is an information 
system developed in order to handle the studies in a coherent 
and trustable way and to reach the perfect data while 
application. It consists of Administrative, Geographic and 
Decision- Support Information Systems. 
2.1 The Aim of the System 
AFAYBIS is designed as a minor project of e-Government. 
Turkey is situated on an important earthquake zone. (North 
Anatolian Fault Line) (Alkis , 2003) Moreover; it faces many 
disasters such as floods, fires, avalanches, etc. each year. 
Financial and social payback is a big deal for the country. Thus 
the importance of the Disaster and Emergency Management 
System can not be ignored. 
Disaster and Emergency Management System is basically to 
benefit modern technology to standardize, organize and manage 
the data and information about disaster management. To realize 
this, it aims at making it possible to reach the data quickly 
during or before a disaster, to create the maps and statistical 
information, to present the data in different multi user media 
and on internet. To practice all, city of Istanbul is chosen as the 
pilot area. The studies in Istanbul, producing standardized data 
and converting the cxisting data, are planned to form a 
background for the e-government. 
2.2 Place of Disaster and Emergency Management System 
in e-Government 
In a totally electronic governing, all administration, analyses 
and decision making studies are realized in e-government. 
Disaster and Emergency Management System is the minor 
system of e-government which makes it easy to accelerated and 
productive decision making. It is the most challenging problem 
to organize the Non-governmental organizations, governmental 
Institutions and civil people in such an emergency case. The 
disaster management information system that is developed to 
n2 
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solve this problem will result in optimum efficiency during 
interference. 
3. SYSTEM DESIGN 
An analysis study is carried out before system design in order to 
realize current organizational structure, determine existing and 
needed data with data sources. 
After the work of analysis, the design of system is divided in 
two parts: (i) analysis of data and process, (ii) analysis of 
communication. 
3.1 Recent Situation Analysis: 
3.1.1 AFAYBIS Questionnaire 
The Institutions related with AFAYBIS are determined and a 
questionnaire is arranged to be informed about the condition of 
data that is used by these institutions. 
* Regulations and law that the institutions are bounded. 
* The official responsibilities and duties of the 
institution. 
* Organizational structures, data and standards used by 
the institutions at conveying the services 
e The relationship and duties of the institution 
e Hardware and software used by the institutions 
* Existence of the material and equipment 
e Existing human resources 
e Institutional relation and communication between the 
institutions 
* The existence of the institutions in relation 
e Researches on the question whether the institution is 
ready for e-government or not (the subject that the 
services of the institution are held online or the 
possibility for this are researched). 
System is designed after the evaluation of the questionnaires 
and obtaining the other data needed about the institutions. 
3.2 Data and Process Design 
In AFAYBIS project, the system is designed by CASE tools 
(Computer Aided System Engineering) with a modern view, 
appropriate to technological developments; in case of 
traditional approaches. 
Unified Process (UP), which is known as the most widespread 
system design and development methodology in the world 
(RUP, 2003) is used for designing AFAYBIS. During this 
process, Use Case and UML (Unified Modeling Language) are 
used to modeling the design. UML is accepted as the conceptual 
modeling language by ISO (ISO/TC 211, 2003). 
3.2.1 Determining the Standards 
When the questionnaires are evaluated and the GIS’ are 
examined, it is observed that there is no common standard for 
the data produced in Turkey. Standards are suggested after 
examining many institutions and examples in the world. 
Unfortunately, it is observed that there are different standards at 
especially obtaining the geographical data. This will result in 
great problems at developing the AFAYBIS in e-government 
project. This problem will cause discordance while trying to 
unite e-Turkey with e- Europe. In this study, the standards in