International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B2. Istanbul 2004
3.2.5 Pre- Disaster Data Synchronisation
Data that will be used for the interrogations is one of the most
important parameters to realize the AFAYBIS for Istanbul. This
data has to be updated in order to take accurate decisions. To
keep the data updated, databases have to be syncronised with
Disaster Management Centre databases. This process of
equalisation is called Data Synchronisation.
The sources that will be synchronized before the disaster are the
institutions that produce the data. For this reason, institution
analyses reports prepared for the Istanbul AFAYBIS project
and source institutions that will be equalised with the reports on
Disaster Management Centre database, charts and area are
determined. The relationship of the institutions with AFAYBIS
centre is given in Figure 3.2.
Association
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3.3 Communication Design
Communication works as a backbone before, during and after
the disaster for organization and gathering of the information
and for quick and accurate implementation of the decisions. The
earthquake on August 17, 1999 has revealed the importance of
communication during and after the earthquake. Under this
heading the concepts, standards and methods of communication
infrastructure that is to be set up for fulfilling duties like
reaching and updating data that are being kept in a completely
numerical environment will be analyzed and drafted.
The design is in a modular and expandable structure. It
constitutes Disaster Management Centre, its upper (Disaster
Management Centre of the Prime Minister's Office and the
Governorship of Istanbul) and sub-units. The information that
the Disaster Management Centres of the districts and all the
related institutions have will be sent first to Istanbul Disaster
Management Centre and to the Prime Minister's Office from
there. The design, if necessary, makes it possible, for the
institutions that belong to the system and Disaster Management
Centres of the districts, to get the information from their sub-
units.
Considering the possibility that the Disaster Management
Centre might itself be damaged during a possible disaster, a
copy of its original is planned to be kept in another city.
3.3.1 Communication Infrastructure of the Disaster
Management Centre
Istanbul. Disaster Management Centre is the vital point of
AFAYBIS. It is important, because it is the centre that all the
information that is going to be used for decision making is
collected. For fulfilling this duty, a local area network (LAN),
to be used for sending data to the centre, and a wide area
network (WAN), to be used for exchange of data among the
units within the system, is designed for the Disaster
Management Centre.
The width of the band that will send the data is perceived as the
most important parameter in selecting the communication
technology. The width of the band is determined as medium
because of the fact that the amount of data that will be sent by
to the Disaster Management Centre is changeable.
Communication technologies that are planned to be used and
the width of the band can be re-arranged according to the need.
By this approach, it is aimed to set up a progressive system.
332 Communication During and After the Disaster
The design is done considering the possibility that all the
communication lines through LAN and WAN may be broken
during the disaster and the sub-units, districts and fields may be
damaged. Technologies that can secure communication during
the disaster without any interruptions will be used. During the
setup and operation of the system these possibilities will be
taken into account and the most appropriate one will be chosen.
Technologies that can be used are listed as:
e Radio
a GPRS
e Wireless Networks
o Wireless WAN
> Wireless LAN
o Wireless PAN
e Satellite Communication
m
4. CONCLUSIONS
The Disaster Management Information System (AFAYBIS)
project is prepared by YTU Department of Remote Sensing and
Photogrammetry with the aim of managing and organizing the
units, information, tools and equipments necessary for
minimizing the damages of the disaster by using the latest
technology. AFAYBIS is a project that based on information
technology and Geographical Information System (CBS/GIS).
During the analysis phase of AFAYBIS United Modelling
Language (UML) is used and within the concept of UML,
disaster management scenarios are modelled with use-case
diagrams. Thus, the stages of the disaster management are
designed within a clear system and therefore the roles and
responsibilities of the institutions for disaster management have
become much clearer.
The communication within and among the institutions is
provided by telephones and faxes. Despite the current situation,
e-government, shortly, is the efficient use of electronic
environment for the public institutions’ operations, for the
coordination within and among institutions and for services
designed for the citizens that can be done by using internet
Taking into account the fact that 80 % of the public services arc
in connection with the spatial data, it is clear that the €
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