International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensin 
Table 4. RMSE of bundle adjustment 
a 
© 
  
Z RMSE 
one 7 
X Y | Z 
| 0.1348 
0.0408 
0.0355 
     
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
| 0.0507 
ose | Gi — 
€: 9018 | $949 7 
Average 0.0400 0.0680 | 0.0639 
Table 5. the residuals of check point 
      
   
   
209461.9475.52 178937.545009462.014 
rias 
: [17888183] 78881.82209451.34 | | À 
9 1178944.811209455.41|75 41 178944.820209455.541 75.48 
10]178938.91/209434.38 75.56 
OS IERI tri 
12/178924.31/209451.57|75 81 178924.334/209451 561 75.7210.021 
13]178912.46/209449.25/75 81 [1786 T 2.604209449.279/75.83 0.143]0.028/0.008 
14 |178897.47/209446.31]7 
entre s e 
16/178782.78/209439.94|70.40]1787 209440.048/70.55 
17|178766.09/209448 531697 178766.093509448,536/69 78 
0.000/0.058 
- 10.150 
—4—— ——a. —... - = — A ————— 
18|178763.16209449.22169.61]178763.159209449317 
19]178695.04 209431.02/70.83 178695 08309431 :027]70.69]0.037/0.002]. 
20]178676.99209430.26/71.79]178677.13009430.368/71 60 0.139lo.006]. - 
| ven ree 0.020/0.020]0.051| 
    
  
    
  
    
        
  
        
     
    
   
     
OBL =A 004 
       
  
   
  
    
       
   
   
  
   
    
  
  
| Average 
nn ————— d A ——- da nn} 
4. Development of Road Information System 
4.1 Creation of road information materials 
It is creation of road information materials that is first 
required for development of road information system using 
digital photogrammetry. In the study, road information 
materials obtained through digital photogrammetry were 
treated according to the flowchart of F ig. 11. In the flow chart, 
firstly, road information materials are read from digital files, 
with which variables are initialized. This is executed twice 
from the beginning to the end of the file, and then each record 
is saved to an array. Each is cut to a given order and then saved 
as the value of variable. The number of records is automatically 
counted, and execution is repeatedly performed as many times 
as the number of records. Repeatedly processed values are 
saved to each variable, and finally to the file Roadf. Next is exit. 
   
48 
and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B2 . Istanbul 2004 
The screen views the number and the coordinate of the data, as 
well as image. This view is like Fig. 12. 
x. 
c 
EI] 
CEN {PTR ET STE] 1.11) 
Ie 1+— 
C CXECEUCE UE ET AIUETI] 3px >=) 
Z DATEI] — 
CEE TA Er lox um 
  
  
      
    
EEE 
| mm 
      
| 
TT Program by Sea dena kr 7 
Fig. 10. Developed system of data formation 
B8 7585-300 70707007707 MERE It UTERE rer Eee CERE 
4.2 Development of road alignment information system 
Road alignment information system is composed of plane and 
longitudinal alignment information. First, plane alignment 
information was retrieved. Data for the plane alignment was the 
figures from digital photogrammetry. The developed plane 
alignment. information system is like Fig. 13. BC, EC; IP-R 
calculated through observation is in Fig. 15. Execution result of 
the program is in Fig. 14, in which the position of IP coordinate 
is blinking in the top left of the screen. 
Development of longitudinal alignment information system 
used 3-d values from digital photogrammetry. The road 
longitudinal alignment information system developed in the 
study is like Fig. 16. The program views data selection in the 
left, alignment diagram in the top left, and longitudinal 
information in the top right. Calculation button moves 
CANVAS to the DB coordinate to express the alignment 
diagram, and click of the ground level on a specific point of the 
grid views the data and the alignment of the 18 points after 
selected point. 
Interi 
  
   
II TERRE 
Tri 
  
  
  
B ILILLELELI 
AUGKSER Sti dg 
Fig. |