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International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B2. Istanbul 2004 
  
2.2.2 Large Scale High Resolution Imagery; The 
high accurate imagery from aerial and/or satellite 
imagery are used for various intelligence purposes 
mainly for Land and Air operations including target 
positioning and fire coordination. 
  
Figure 1. High resolution images 
2.2.3 1/25 000 & 50 000 Maps and Charts; The 
large scale 1/25 000 & 50 000 Topographic maps and 
Special Naval charts (Level 2 Digital Data) are used for 
land, air and amphibious operations in defense and 
offence. They are also used in small quantities for 
operational planning and detailed intelligence work. In 
many cases, topographic series also meets this military 
requirement. 
22.4 1/250 000 Maps and Charts (Level 1 Digital 
Data). The 1/250 000 Maps and Charts (Level 1 Digital 
Data) are used in large quantities for land and air 
movements (including low level transit flying), together 
with logistic operations. Again, small quantities are used 
for general planning and intelligence work. The standard 
military series, Joint Operations Graphic, is frequently 
supplemented by national road maps and special 
helicopter charts. 
  
  
  
Figure 2. Level 1 Digital Data 
  
643 
2.2.5 1/500 000 Maps and Charts The 1/500 000 
Maps and Charts are used in large quantities for land and 
air movements, including medium level flying operation, 
together with small quantities for general planning and 
orientation. 
  
Figure 3. 1/500 000 scale Raster Scanned Image 
2.2.6 Small Scales (1/1M and smaller) (Level 0 
Digital Data). At Scales of 1/1M and smaller, (Level 0 
Digital Data), the international military air chart 
Operational Navigation Chart or Series ONC are used in 
large quantities for flying operations, although the scale 
is also used in small quantities for orientation and outline 
planning. The Digital Chart of the World (DCW), 
derived from the ONC, is the standard Level 0 digital 
product. 
  
  
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Figure 4. Level 0 Digital Data 
2.3.7 | Nautical Charts. Nautical charts differ from 
land maps (and military air charts) in that they are 
provided at a scale and content that suits the area 
depicted and are generally common to both civil and 
military uses, through the co-ordination of the 
International — Hydrographic Organization — (IHO). 
However, there is a requirement to combine the nautical 
chart information with the topographic map information 
in the Special Naval Charts, such as the Combat Chart 
covering the shallow water, over the beach to the land, to 
support amphibious operations.