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International Archives of the Photogrammetry, 
  
  
P, 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
XX 
t (X) 
Fig.2-1 
(X,Y. Z) and (xy Y.Z) are corresponding photo pair 
coordinates of baseline coordinate system. 
2.3 Connection of Free Network Models 
The elements of relative orientation of respect photo pair under 
baseline coordinate system can be acquired after each photo 
pair relative orientation. For providing initial values to block 
adjustment, the elements of respect model relative orientation 
and point’s coordinates must calculate under universal 
coordinate system, namely connection of models. 
After the relative orientation and the solution for the model 
points of the second image pair, model connection can be 
carried out with respect to the first model based upon the points 
in the overlap area of the deferent models. This same procedure 
is to be carried out for the other succeeding models. As to the 
first image pair, the model scale is arbitrary; therefore, the scale 
of the first model determines the free scale of the whole close- 
range strip. From movement, rotation and scaling, the 
independent models can be connected a whole close-range strip. 
The SI is origin of first model baseline coordinate system. The 
analogous transformation is: 
X Yl IE 
Flim bY] +7 (3) 
Z 24:32. 
i y 4j 
where [x ¥ 7 L- any model point vector; M Jm model 
rotation matrix; á scale coefficient; x, y Z. f =No. ] 
model coordinate vector under first baseline coordinate system: 
lu Y 2 = No. j model any 1 point coordinate vector 
under corresponding baseline coordinate system. Based on first 
model, the close-range independent models can be connected as 
whole strip (see Fig. 2-2). 
7/7 d 
Fig.2-2 close-range strip 
te 
= 
269 
    
   
   
  
   
  
   
  
     
   
   
  
   
   
    
    
    
   
   
    
    
     
     
      
     
   
     
    
  
    
   
   
   
    
   
    
Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B5. Istanbul 2004 
2.4 Solution of Connection of Big Angular Orientation 
There are connections of big angular problems when taking 
photo around building in convergent photography mode (see 
  
  
  
  
Fig.2-3 Big angle photography 
Fig.2-3). When the case of the independent image pair method 
is adopted, the coordinate system is right hand system, and axis 
of independent model coordinate is not parallel. The 
circumstances of approximate vertical angular occur in the 
change of direction, it need transform the model coordinate 
system as follows: transform the former model tie points to next 
model coordinate system. Through rotating 90 degree 
anticlockwise solve the coordinates in current independent 
model. The solution process is as above. Simultaneously, 
considering starting. values of exterior orientation clement 
transfer between two models. The connection of angular 
orientation is depend on the results of relative orientation 
/ / ! . 
calculated elements (p, K,p , 0 , K and left photo exterior 
orientation elements (p, , ,, K, , the right photo orientation 
.,0., K,., the primary relation is: 
p? y? + p y 
7 
A E Room, s Re (4) 
it can be written as: 
p T pT = 
RAR, = B R R. ; R R, (5) 
T.V Represent direction. angular of photography 
baseline. 
Kok, = RR eoe 
Known Rs, cansobets solved: -,.(0,, Ko The 
independent model initial values of left image €p,, 0, , K, arc 
0. Then the results can be taken into baseline coordinate system. 
3. FREE NETWORK BUNDLE ADJUSTMENT 
Under non-control point condition, only utilize relative control 
condition solution spatial position of free network, which 
involving not enough initiative data to carry out adjustment 
calculation within part network, can result in rank defect. How 
to eliminate the rank defect, is base of free network solution. 
Using least squares operation can solve the free network 
adjustment determine relative position of net figure, and 
smallest norm condition give Helmert conversion under given 
approximate coordinate system so that determine absolution 
position of network, and build centroid as relative reference 
coordinate system. Because normal equation matrix is not 
complete rank, rank defect is 7, which include the seven 
freedoms of basis of adjustment calculation, must be ensured to 
solve rank defect problems.