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Figure 7. The whole digital map displaying a possible visualization.
strong original deformation due to wrong reproduction; their
georeferencing has been possible thank to a very accurate
recognition aimed to discover their marks on terrain and to the
above-mentioned topographical intersections.
One of the functions of raster data is the documentation of some
elements existing in the past, as the hotels occupying some
areas of the site and now destroyed; another important role is
the ability to provide altimetric data through dense
aerophotogrammetrical elevation points which constitute an
important and useful archive in case of need. (Fig 5)
Another important layer is the TIN, generated by contours; the
jointly thematisms of each dataset produce a final visualization
observable in the image of Figure 7.
2.2 TIN creation and 3D visualization
One of the main effects of innovation in cartography, that has
led to the development of digital mapping, has been the
advanced use of altimetric data; the natural consequence has
been an increasing request and production of 3D mapping.
TIN creating is a very important topic within the actual
researches in Geomathics, primary for the high requirements of
three-dimensional reconstruction of land surface; but it also is
important to perform advanced spatial analysis employing
altimetric data, which can assume different shapes (vectorial
formats: surface, dtm, contours; or raster formats:
elevationgrid, slopgrid).
The TIN creation of central territory of Hierapolis has been
realized using contours; polygons of ancient buildings and ruins
and land natural objects have been used as the break-lines.
The TIN west limit, towards the declivity of the limestone
basins, has been intentionally interrupted on the last contour
available at 1:1000 scale, while the lack of informations
interrupts the TIN in the other directions.
Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B5. Istanbul 2004
Figure 8 (ab) 3D scenes showing volumetric
relationship between theatre structures and hill slope.
Generally, modelling ancient buildings or their ruins require
more articulated needs in comparison with the usual extrusion
of the outline of built up areas in 3D urban cartography;
thinking to the important valences of the representation of the
reconstructive hypotheses concerning buildings, a suitable
ancient city modelling would have developed using a more
appropriate environment software (CAD). Anyway, a schematic
volume modelling of the buildings in a Geographic Information
System can highlight the relationship between built up
structures and land. We propose an exemplification considering
the theatres of the city: the theatre of Flavian age, under
restoration in the last 30 years of Mission activities, and the
more ancient hellenistic one.
Figure 8 emphasizes the deep difference between roman and
ellenistic theatres: while the more ancient ones take more
advantages by peculiar terrain orography, the roman building
tecniques evolution lead to the use of impressive retaining
walls.
3 MAP UPDATING, MULTISCALE GIS AND
TOPOGRAPHIC POINTS DATABASE.
We have just suggested that topographic points relational
database is related to map updating and to the plannig of next
Web GIS configuration
Before explaining archive structure we want to expound the
reasons why we decided to start from topographic data as the
ones to assign first to web sharing (it would be a sharing limited
to italian mission working groups).
Archaeological and architectural survey demand critical reading
of building structures; they need also a wide acquiring and
suitable collecting of tematic and metric data that will come
together in the final representation performing a very closed
