International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B5. Istanbul 2004
Independent of the source of the horizontal parallaxes, an
attempt for a systematic investigation of the complete list of
virtually stereo aids according to the state of the art, has been
carried out, see table 1.
The principles of the 3dimensional viewing technology have
been categorized according to
* methods for the spatial presentation of stereo mates projected
without contact,
en eu
Figure 7.
3D Geo-Imagery is bridging the continents:
- using polarized glasses in Malaysia (on top)
- viewing stereoviews about North Korea in coin
stereoscope machines with sound in South
Korea (middle)
- one of about 5 surviving photo plasticons in Germany
(below), see sample figures 3, 4 and 5.
* methods for the separation of spatial presented stereo mates
with alternate projections or in contact and
* methods using virtually 3 D models.
Not part of this investigation is "materialized 3D appearance",
namely the reality and real physical 3D models (-Technology),
because this are no methods for virtually but for real
3dimensional presentation.
Sticking to appropriate virtually stereo data representation, also
no part of this investigations are, e.g., methods using simple
central perspective effects and/or shadow effects, as well as
"continuous profiling"; latter are methods for 3D data
determination by combining a successive queue of profiles, but
not own methods for virtually 3D data presentation. Similar
holds for the Moiré effect. "2.5 D effects" as verifled by
permanent moving of a queue of central perspective images
become part of the game only, if the scenery is viewed by using
NUOPTX glasses, according to PULFRICH,
4. CONCLUSION
This paper stimulates the scientific as well as the public interest
in 3D Geo- and in particular in 3D Heritage-Imagery by dealing
with aspects of gaining, collecting and applying of conservation
related stereoviews.
Modern (digital) single lens cameras are highly recommended
to obtain own stereoviews. In case of lacking aerial photography
the propagated DIGI BEAM LITE camera allows to achieve
extremely high resolution aerial photography of limited aeries
of, e.g., Heritage concern. As a matter of fact about 20 research
gaps have been identified with respect to Techniques and Arts.
A systematic survey for Heritage related stereoviews on the
web, as well as in a "conventional manner", concentrating on
international Archives is one of the main activities of the
RecorDIM Task Group on Collecting, Compiling and Sharing
of stereoviews. Though it is believed, some "3D image
treasures" still wait for "excavation" the most important Archive
for stereoviews is the Keystone Mast collection of the
University of California Riverside/Californaa Museum of
Photography.
A complete list of the stereoscopic methods and aids, covering
the requirements for VIRTUAL ("real") Spatial Geo- and
Heritage-Data Presentation has been established. Not part of
this investigation is "materialized 3D appearance" like of the
nature or of real models. Also neglected are methods for so
called "quasi 3D" or/and methods limited to "2.5 D". From a
systematic dealing with fundamentals of virtually spatial data
presentation, the authors for the fist time proudly present stereo
mates in the "DOWN UNDER" mode. International samples
show, 3D Geo-Imagery is really bridging the continents.
It is liked to emphasize, from a consequently dealing with the
principals of spatial data visualization, even the future of the
whole computer industry could improve. Here namely the
"Felix Solid State" is a candidate for a new spatial PC
generation, to replace or to complete the 2dimensional screen
generation.
5. LITERATURE
GERNSHEIM, H. and A: The History of Photography, London
and New York, 1969.
SCHUHR,W. and KANNGIESER, E.: Basics on Spatial Data
Visualization; Proceedings of the SDH 2000 Symposium,
Beijing (China) (2000)
SCHUHR,W. and KANNGIESER, E.: Back to the Roots in
Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and GIS; ISPRS-Archives
Amsterdam (NL) (2000)
SCHUHR, W. and KANNGIESER, E.: Survey of Available 3D
Visualization Techniques; Proceedings of the CIPA Workshop
on Scanning for Cultural Heritage Recording in Corfu (Greece)
(2002)
WALDHAEUSL, P. and OGLEBY, C: 3-by-3 Rules for Simple
Photogrammetrie, ISPRS Comm.V Symposium, Melbourne
(Australia) (1994)
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