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International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B5. Istanbul 2004 
  
visualization was implemented to support the understanding of 
the change (Figurel6 and Figure 17). 
Figure 16. CG shows the landscape of the Karekinomiya 
settlement in first half of Latest stage of Jomon period. 
  
  
Figure 17. CG shows the landscape of Karekinomiya settlement 
after the mid half of Latest stage of Jomon period. 
Their daily life may have affected by not only the disadvantage of 
distanced shore line but also increase of the deposition which 
harmed the habitat of the shellfish. The change of coastline has 
disabled the people to rely on the ocean resources, which meant 
that the site was no longer a suitable location for their way of 
living. The declining of the settlement must have been caused by 
the lacking principal food, which urged their moving to another 
location. On the other hand, Shingu settlement has survived the 
period and the location of the settlement was used continuously 
from then. Shingu settlement may have been superior in 
environmental endurance because of the diversified environments, 
and was able to survive by diversified food resources. 
4. DISCUSSION 
4.1 Discussion 
The study overviewed the prehistorical interaction of human 
activity and environments. The Environmental change and its 
spatial structure were estimated by calculation using GIS, and its 
result was depicted as a realistic CG. Consideration toward the 
interaction and the relation was deepened and partly quantified by 
integrating spatial analysis results and archaeological knowledge. 
The difference of environmental endurance was pointed out by 
comparing two contemporary settlements. Comparison implied 
that the difference of endurance was attributable to the diversity 
of food gathering activity and surrounding environments. From 
the view point of coexistence with nature and sustainable resource 
utilization, both settlements were making satisfying life style. 
Even though, big difference were observed in the chance of 
surviving when people meets a major environmental changes. 
  
52 
Not only the magnificent monumental ruins but also these 
records of local living of people are informative and have great 
importance as a “cultural heritage”. 
Geo-informatics technologies were highly useful for 
prehistorical study in aspects of modelling, spatial analysis, and 
visualization. Utilization of GIS can be understood as an 
abstraction of the real world into the virtual world. This 
simplification enables the quantification of the matter, but on 
the other hand, simplification sacrifices the sense of reality. 
Representation by CG can be effective method to translate the 
abstracted results (e.g. GIS layer) into representational drawing. 
This is especially significant in historical field, which no longer 
is able to see the real scenery again. 
The further development of quantification (or modelling) 
method of the prehistorical living to establish a tangible and 
comparable criterion with the subsequent society will be the 
future work. 
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