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Accuracy at 95% (m) Parallax RMS Max. 
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Average 0,001 0,017 0,005 0,612 
Quadratic comp. 0,018 
Av. quadratic 0,008 
error 
Average error 0,007 
Maximun error 0,022 2,150 
  
  
Table 1. Results obtained processing the data with a digital 
photogrametric station “Photomodeler Pro 4.0” 
3.2 Graphical results 
The graphical results are shown by the flat representation of the 
restored model and the projections of the three-dimensional 
models with photorealistic textures. 
In Figure 3, an elevation and a profile obtained from three- 
dimensional points model , lines and polylines are shown, 
which are restored on the digital photogrametric station 
“Photomodeler Pro 4.0”. Later, the three-dimensional models 
were transferred and processed on CAD software. 
  
  
LITITI 
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4 
B H 
A 
  
  
  
  
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Figure 3. Elevation and profile of the studied structure. 
  
  
  
  
  
Different renderings of photo-realistic textures have been 
obtained from the three-dimensional surface model, such as 
those seen in Figure 4. These textures have been applied from 
photographic shots of the object itself. 
  
International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B5. Istanbul 2004 
  
Figure 4. Rendering with photo-realistic textures 
4. CONCLUSIONS 
The precision obtained in the process of generating three- 
dimensional models, correspond perfectly with those expected 
when applying simple photogrammetry principles of close 
objects. The values and obtained precisions are agreed with the 
demands of precision that are considered necessary between 2 
and 5 cm (Scherer, 2002). 
In regard to field work, it is highly important to make a good 
initial planning because this will reduce the total amount of time 
needed to optimize the results. A sketch of the object, the 
position of both the plumb lines and the camera as well as the 
field covered by each shot is fundamental in order to facilitate 
later classification and processing work of the information 
collected during this phase. 
A fundamental part of the work which will determine the final 
results quality will be the photographic shots taken and the 
principles of photography and photogrammetry followed. 
The use of digital cameras is considered ideal in situations in 
which there is a limited budget to purchase equipment and 
when the obtaining of high precisions is not essential. 
Furthermore, this type of camera suitable because the cost of 
developing the photos is practically null. Therefore it is 
recommended to take many shots (from different positions and 
view points), a factor which will directly influence the degree of 
precision reached. 
The use of digital monoscopic systems are recommended, also 
denominated digital monoscopic photogrametric systems, to 
process both data and also to obtain 3D models of the studied 
structures. The fundamental motives will be due to the reduced 
cost of the above (approximately 1200 €), as long as the 
purchase of vision stereoscopic systems is not necessary. 
However if necessary and due to its versatility , it will not 
present many requirements of the system and can be installed 
in practically any type of computer (laptop or PC). Operators