International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B5. Istanbul 2004 
Table 1 — Camera calibration 
  
  
Camera Name: {sonycalit 
  
  
  
  
Focal Length: [6.52 — mm 
Format Size w^ | 5.9391 H: [4.4555 mm 
Frincipal Point X: | 2.8553 Y: | 2.2713 mm 
Lens Distortion K1: [0.004345 KZ {-0.0001019 
| P1: [00001757  P2:]0.00014898 
  
ES 
Image Size: 12048» 1536 
co 
set from fie | 
  
  
  
  
  
| Fiducial type: [Ho idi nus 7 x] 
| “Calibrated: pes [^ duse Cet 
ak | Cancel | Help 
3. CONTROL POINTS 
For processing the absolute orientation in the PhotoModeler 
Program distinctive control points were selected: The 
intersections of meridians of 15" amplitude with parallels of 
10° of amplitude, and also the two poles of the Earth. 
3.1 Geographical and Cartesian Co-ordinates. 
The geographical co-ordinates of the control points were 
transformed into Cartesian co-ordinates by use of the 
following formulas: 
  
v 
  
( 
Y 
4 X -Rcosq sin) 
= Rcos p cos À 
/ = Rsin@ 
NS 
where ^: Longitude 
49 Latitude 
Radius of globe 
  
  
4. TAKING IMAGES AND PROCESSING WITH 
PHOTOMODELER 
4.1 Taking Images 
After all the necessary preparations had been made, one had 
only to pay attention to the exact rotation of the globe of 30" 
between the subsequent images and to the fact that the 
camera had to be pointed perpendicularly to the face of the 
globe at latitudes 45° N and 45° S. 
24 photographs of the globe were taken,12 of them in each 
hemisphere. 
At a later stage, images of both polar regions were taken. 
4.2 Processing 
Before starting the processing it was necessary to invert the 
Y-axis of the Cartesian co-ordinate system shown in figure, 
because in the PhotoModeler software the values of Y 
increase in the direction of the rear of the globe. 
At first the above mentioned distinctive points at the 
intersection of meridians with parallels were marked in each 
of the matrixes and referenced at least in 3 or more of them. 
After processing of each section the residuals were analysed 
and the measurements, when necessary, corrected in order to 
avoid deformations of the model of the elobe. 
= 
  
  
In the following stage the texture of the sections was selected. 
Due to some imperfections in the polar regions of the globe 
some measured points had to be touched up, however without 
affecting the quality of the final result. 
5. SETTING UP THE VIDEO 
The model created in the PhotoModeler software was 
exported into the 3D Studio Max 5 software in the format 
VRML 2.0. 
After the transfer, videos and snapshots with 2 cameras (one 
fixed and one movable) around the globe were created. Then 
the videos ( in ..avi format ) and the photographs ( in jpg 
format ) were rendered and edited by use of the software 
Windows Movie Maker. As a final result the video in the 
format Windows Media Video ( .wmv ) has a presentation 
time of 45 seconds. 
     
   
   
    
     
  
    
    
   
     
   
    
     
  
   
   
    
    
      
  
   
    
  
   
    
      
  
   
    
    
  
    
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