Re SR RRR ERE
International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part BS. Istanbul 2004
3. THE IMPACT OF NEW TECHNOLOGY
Unlike typical aerial mapping applications, architectural and
archaeological applications are almost always intriguing,
challenging and one-of-a-kind problems. For these reasons, the
impact of the new technology on such applications was even
more profound. In accessing this impact, one should underline
the following major contributions (Patias, 2001):
" The research and application area is increasingly
broadened and diversified.
" [|t becomes increasingly clear that both mature and
innovative technology can benefit and earn added value
from cooperation with other disciplines (Patias and Peipe,
2000).
= Photogrammetry becomes more popular (either as a
technique or as final products) among end-users, since it is
proved to be an accessible, usable and cost-justifiable
technology for many industrial, educational and
public/private sectors.
= Although high-end technology is always attractive and in
some parts of the world accessible and useful, one should
always bear in mind that in very many cases low-end
instrumentation is the only viable solution.
Photogrammetry is continuously offering low-cost systems
and procedures, thus opportunities for democratization of
the information and its access as a “public good”.
= Visualization techniques and VR output attract increasing
interest and become more rewarding both for the
researchers and the end-users. This technology promises
more detail, better quality, more accuracy, and a wide
array of applications. This will inevitably lead to what is
nowadays perceived as “Virtual Heritage”.
= Photogrammetry, for the first time, is producing Reality,
other than or besides the real one. Virtuality and
Visualization outputs a new world, a generalized world, a
sometimes altered world. Besides perception and
aesthetics issues now emerging, more important issues
should also enter our Agenda: Is the proper respect and
care for our cultural past sacrificed in favor of the current
“VR Anxiety” (Ogleby, 1999) (counter-examples of naive
visualization products already exist).
4. CONCLUSION AND OUTLOOK
New work habits, new research opportunities, and even new
forms of institutions force photogrammetry to offer its services
in many aspects. Photogrammetry provides large amounts of
highly detailed, very accurate, geo-referenced, 3D vector and
texture data, with stereo-viewing abilities and metadata
information. This constitutes its comparative advantage over
other techniques and procedures.
Evaluating the current status and envisaging the future
evolution of architectural and archaeological applications of
photogrammetry, one could note that :
e Classic technology is very mature and the applications
based on it are straightforward. Therefore there are many
different applications reported, and this has a nice impact
on the end-users, since it attracts their attention.
e New technology is entering the picture in growing rates
and this drives innovative research. This fact gives rise to
rapidly emerging new concepts, and as a spin-off-result it
attracts participation from related disciplines.
e New issues are entering the research agenda, like
standardization issues, systems for quality management,
intellectual property issues. It is quite important to note
that, although conformance to intrinsic quality measures
(ie. standards) will always be necessary, it is only one part
of the story. Quality can only be determined by “fitness for
use”. Ultimately, quality evaluation needs to include user
demands. In building market positions, this means that one
should be able to distinguish different groups of users and
recognize typologies of quality demands.
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Atkinson. K. B. (Editor), 1996: Close range Photogrammetry
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Bertin, J. 1975. Semiology in Graphics, Madison WI,
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Carbonell, M., 1983 : Hans Foramitti et le développement de la
photogrammétrie architecturale, ICOMOS Publication, Paris.
Karara, 1... M., ... (Editor), 1989: |. Non-Topographic
Photogrammetry, 2" edition, American Society for
Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Science and Engineering
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Ogleby, O., L. Rivett. 1985: Handbook of Heritage
Photogrammetry, Austr. Heritage Comm, Special Australian
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Ogleby, O., 1999: How real is your reality?, Proc. of XVII
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Patias, P. and J. Peipe. 2000: Photogrammetry and CAD/CAM
in Culture and Industry — An ever changing paradigm, Proc.
and CD of ISPRS XIX Congress, Amsterdam, July 16-23,
2000.
Patias, P., 2001: Caring for the Past, Aiming at the Future:
Plans and Policy of ISPRS Commission V, Keynote Address,
Proc. of International Workshop on Recreating the Past -
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A ; d
Slama, C. (Editor), 1980: Manual of Photogrammetry, 4"
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Stengers, 1. 1997: Power and Invention: Situating Science,
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URL2:[http://ww w.international.icomos.org/e_venice.htm#histo
ric] UNESCO Venice Charter, 1964 (accessed 20-4-04).
URL3:[http://www.international.icomos.org/e towns.htm]
ICOMOS Charter for the Conservation of Historic Towns and
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URLA:[Attp:/Avww.isprs.org/technical commissions 4c 5.html]
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URLS: [Attp-//cipa.icomos.org/] CIPA web page (accessed 20-
4-04).
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