International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B7. Istanbul 2004 
3.4.5 Coordinate System Integration and Add 
Geographic Location: All measured data have their own 
coordinate system. Until the above mentioned processes, they 
are integrated into the same coordinate. However it’s still local 
coordinate. Then UTM location is added to one of the point. In 
this study, it is one of measurement points. 
3.4.6 Scenes Mosaic and DSM Generation: All of 
measured data after coordinate integration process are 
mosaicked and generated DSM. 
3.5 Results 
Figure 8 is the tree census GIS dataset with DEM at 4ha plot. 
This is one of the results in this study focused on the ground 
level surveys. The tree census data was obtained through all 
individual trees (DBH7 10cm) investigation. The leaves pictures 
and explanations of trees are also recorded as attributes of tree 
location data. We can see this information on the screen by 
mouse designating the specific tree position on this kind of 
display under running GIS software. Through this study, GIS 
‘was confirmed to be powerful information tool for ecologists 
and other scientists. 
GEUNTONTIENOAD TF 
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grandi vain ie AR SER aD 
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Figure 8. Tree Census GIS with DEM 
Figure 9 is DSM and DEM composite 3D imagery as the other 
result of this study focused on the three dimensional 
measurement. From the canopy DSM, each crown can be 
identified. And various undulation of the forest floor can be 
seen from the DEM. Then this is the result of re-construction of 
virtual forest. By the comparison with DSM and DEM, the 
relationship between the growth and geographic conditions 
could be introduced (Yoshimura et al., 2001). 
x at 
  
Figure 9. DSM and DEM Composite 3D Imagery 
4. CONCLUSIONS 
In this study, the authors used tropical canopy crane with 80m 
height and 75m arm length and developed three-dimensional 
canopy structure measurement system by laser scanning system. 
Furthermore DSM was generated and compared with DEM 
based on the ground survey as one of its applications. We 
define this kind of research is the re-construction the virtual 
tropical rainforest. 
From the results of this study, our developed system was 
confirmed to have a satisfied performance and can provide an 
actual canopy structure as common data for multi-disciplinary 
usage. 
We are still continuing to observe and measure various 
parameters related with photosynthesis and carbon exchange for 
tropical rain forest. In this kind of advanced research, threc- 
dimensional data is also the most important for use to 
summarize various parameters. 
REFERENCES 
Nakashizuka T., Lee H. S., Chong L., 2001. Studies on canopy 
processes of a tropical rain forest in Lambir Hills National Park. 
Proceedings of the International Symposium, Canopy Process 
and Ecological Roles of Tropical Rain Forest, Miri, Malaysia, 
pp.2-7. 
Yoshimura M., Yamashita M., 2001. Multi-scale approach for 
rainforest environment monitoring by remote sensing / GIS/ 
direct measurements - towards virtual field construction -. 
Proceedings of the International Symposium, Canopy Processes 
and Ecological Roles of Tropical Rain Forests, Miri, Malaysia, 
pp96-101. 
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