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41.3 Field data analysis: For control survey, this study used 
GPS-RTK to measure control points. When DOP (dilution of 
precision) number was too high, traverse lines were measured. 
Computation and adjustment of these points were done using 
PDA and notebook computer. All the control points and 
boundary points were recorded, and the data were used to 
generate ARC/INFO coverages. Digital photos taken at each 
point provide valuable information when these points need to 
be revisited. These photos were associated with the point 
coverage, and hot-links were built to allow viewing photos of 
each point from ArcView. 
Data of the sample plots including tree information, location of 
center, and soil characteristics were helpful for understanding 
the condition of forest stands. In general, the forest stands were 
in good conditions, except for some areas that inappropriate 
land use activities were observed. 
4.2 Protection forest management system 
The cadastral records contain textual information about the 
protection forests. In contrast, the spatial database of the 
protection forests consisted of various thematic maps and 
corresponding attribute data. Map presentation and spatial 
inquiries and analyses were done using ArcView, and an 
extension tool developed in ArcView Avenue was used to 
automate the analysis procedures and to customize the user 
environment to provide a user interface in Chinese language. 
The interconnection between the textual database and the spatial 
database was done by using an ODBC (open database 
connectivity) driver. Connection to the textual database is 
established when the ArcView software is invoked, then the 
cadastral records are joined with the map features using parcel 
identification numbers. Figure 7 shows the user interface of 
textual database management system, which is difficult to 
implement using ArcView. Figure 8 depicts the user interface 
for ArcView environment. With this system design, the textual 
database can be maintained more efficiently, and the design of 
GIS can be simplified. This study also built a web-based GIS to 
provide the general public with the capability to inquire the 
location and extent of protection forests, and to check if their 
properties are within or nearby the protection forests. Figure 9 
shows the user interface of the textual database management 
system. 
    
   
  
   
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S. CONCLUSIONS 
The protection forest can provide important services and 
functions to protect the environment against natural disaster. 
Accurate resource information is essential to manage the 
protection forests. Digital surveying has the advantage of 
obtaining high precision spatial data very efficiently, and the 
data obtained can be incorporated into GIS very easily. 
Moreover, GIS is a very powerful tool for protection forest 
managers. By integrating digital surveying and GIS, we can 
manage the protection forests more efficiently and effectively. 
REFERENCES 
Dale, P.F., and McLaughlin, J.D., 1988. Land Information 
Management: An introduction with special reference to 
cadastral problems in Third World countries. Clarendon Press, 
Oxford, pp. 1-44. 
IUCN, 1994. Guidelines for Protected Area Management 
Categories. | CNPPA with the assistance of the World 
Conservation Monitoring Centre. Gland, Switzerland and 
Cambridge, UK.