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International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B7. Istanbul 2004 
entity) was considered for public use and nationalized. Even if 
since 1945, 4785 so called law governs forestry land, forestry 
cadastral planning was not carried out in parallel with this rule 
and some arid or forest areas became mixed. As result when 
some areas became agricultural areas some others remained 
heavily forested. In the course of time, this mixing caused 
important problems in real rights of ownerships. 
Hanging up the application of new regulation was not a remedy 
actually it was turned to huge problem day by day. Different 
problems were encountered when forest cadastral works put in 
action. By passage of nearly half century, characteristic of 
forestland was mixed and turned to almost unsolvable. Many 
civil cases were opened between forestry department and 
landowners. 
To make the local forestry department more effective and 
productive, investigation of ownership and ownership rights 
relation must be clear and secure. Land ownership problem 
became very important according to time and proposed forestry 
management plans and income. In the context of the forestry 
management and planning that problem plays very important 
role. 
1.2 Land And Ownership Relation 
Once depleted, land is one of the most important natural 
resources that could not be renewed. Generally land is 
considered commonwealth, existence reason of countries and 
investment means this add extra value to their estate and makes 
it inevitable in terms of future assurance in Turkey. Land 
consists of mines, forest and other natural resources. The 
importance of forested areas for governments and their 
protection make ownership problematic. The evaluation and 
governance of disagreements between private and public 
authorities could not be saw equally, especially in cities that 
land ownership has great deals such as Istanbul, Antalya, Mugla 
etc. because in these cities forested areas are occupied and soled 
maliciously. 
  
  
  
Figure 1. A view of the damaged forestlands 
Cadastral work has been undesirable department where 
cadastral planning is not carried out yet. Available governing 
regulations suggest not only protection, renewal and 
enhancement forested areas but also sum these properties in 
favor of public estate. This consideration forces some malicious 
people to damage forested lands (Fig. 1). Previous works show 
that although the land is not suitablé for agriculture when there 
is disagreement between public and private peoples case in 
443 
question forested land is damaged and served inhabitable for 
forest ecosystem. 
1.3 Objective 
Generally, land ownership trials are ended in favor of public 
increase reaction of civilian people to cadastral works. As 
result, there is an inherent foolish confidence problem between 
public and private sector. 
In this study ownership problem is investigated by taking in to 
account and compare ownership certificate with aerial photos 
and maps by using digital photogrammetry techniques. For this 
purpose the Isiklar district is selected as a study area (Fig. 2). 
The cadastral works of this county were completed by the time 
this study was carried out. Some example real trials that were 
ruled previously were examined by using so called 
photogrametric technique. 
  
   
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Figure 2. The location of the study area 
1.4 Digitizing and Obtaining Regional Maps of Study Area 
The cadastre maps were obtained from cadastral department. 
These maps were digitized in scale 1/1000. Five landmarks 
were used to translate the regional coordinates into WGS 
coordinate system and fixed by using the GPS technologies. 
According to the findings root mean square error was found 
(mo) 0.015 by using affin transformation method. 
1.5 Forest-Property Defendant Parcels 
2471 parcels and approximately 341 hectares could define study 
areca. Cadastral works began in 1982 and ended in 1985. As a 
result National Local Forestry Department opened the 188-court 
case that claim these parcels’ ownerships belong to public 
forestland. The 185 of court cases were ended and other 3-court 
case is still in progress. Among ended cases 65 parcels and 
approximately 18.1 hectares are decided to belong to public 
forestland. 108 parcels (approximately 23.8 hectares) are 
decided in favor of private property. 12 parcels were decided 
partly private and forest types parcels and showed in figure 3.