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International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B7. Istanbul 2004 
5. CONCLUSION 
In this study, a Kalman filtering technique based kinematic 
deformation analysis procedure has been applied on a data set 
collected in a landslide area by GPS. In addition to this 
technique, the data has also been analyzed by static deformation 
analysis. Two different approaches produced identical results. 
However, the kinematic model has some clear advantages. For 
example, in kinematic model time dependent motion parameters 
of each point can be determined. Stepwise computation of 
motion parameters eases the control of the computations and the 
interpretation of the results. 
It is obvious that, for the computation of motion parameters or 
in other words for modelling the motion, more measurements 
are required. This is actuálly the main drawback of kinematic 
deformation model approach. In this study, in order to 
overcome this problem, Kalman filtering technique has been 
conducted for the computation of motion parameters. The main 
advantage of Kalman filtering technique is that it requires less 
measurement period. However, since the Kalman filtering 
technique employs prediction, the kinematic behaviours should 
not be extended unlimitedly by extrapolation. 
The study area discussed in this paper is a landslide area where 
a multi-disciplinary project had been conducted. The project 
partners are geodesists, civil engineers and earth scientists. 
However, this study focused only on the geodetic deformation 
monitoring process. It is clear that, through the combination of 
different data sets, a more realistic deformation model for the 
landslides would be produced. 
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 
The authors would like to thank to the Geodetic Institute, 
University of Karlsruhe that they have given CODEKA3D 
deformation analysis software at our disposal. And also as the 
partner of the deformation measurements project of Gürpmar, 
the Institute of Physical Geodesy, Darmstadt University of 
Technology are gratefully acknowledged.