International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B7. Istanbul 2004 
  
Engabreen 2002 
Absolute orientation (m, gon) AO-measured(m) 
Left Right Left Right 
X0 (m) 909.302 908.970 -0.352 -0.301 
YO 442.250 442.173 -0.328 -0.353 
Z0 247.252 247.260 -0.214 -0.225 
Omega  -99.584 -99.590 
Phi -33.130 -29.952 
Kappa  -199.506 -199.557 
DOF 5 
RMSX 0.049 
Y 0.044 
Z 0.029 
Exterior orientation (m,gon) EO- measured(m) 
Left Right Left Right 
X0(m) 908.914 908.645 0.036 0.024 
YO 441.905 441.810 0.017 0.010 
Z0 247.064 247.060 -0.026 -0.025 
Omega -101.528 -101.502 
Phi -36.9120 -33.364 
Kappa 199.147 199.219 
DOF 2 2 
RMS X 0.005 0.005 
Y 0.003 0.003 
Z 0.003 0.004 
Tacheometer measured coordinates (m) 
Left Right 
X0(m) 908.950 908.669 
YO 441.922 441.820 
Z0 247.038 247.035 
  
  
  
Table 2. The results of absolute and exterior orientation of a 
panoramic stereo pair from Engabreen and the differences to 
the measured camera places. 
  
  
772 
Hintereisferner 2002 
Absolute Orientation (m, gon) AO-measured(m 
Left Right Left Right 
X0(m) 724.16 723.835  -1.206 -1.327 
YO 6357.281 6357.206 0.599 0.505 
Z0 2595.888 | 2595.882  -0.21 -0.149 
Omega -103.226  -103.227 
Phi -19.005 -18.263 
Kappa 197.927 98.458 
DOF 11 
RMS X 0.443 
Y 0.446 
Z 0.444 
Exterior orientation (m,gon) EO- measured(m) 
Left Right Left Right 
X0(m) 723.457 723.003 . -0.503 -0.495 
YO 6358.076 | 6357.96] -0.196 -0.25 
Z0 2596.073 2596.08 -0.395 -0.347 
Omega -101.762  -101.742 
Phi -20.935 -20.525 
Kappa 199.275 199.769 
DOF 6 6 
RMSX 0.051 0.052 
Y 0.022 0.016 
Z 0.241 0.242 
Tacheometer measured coordinates (m) 
Left Right 
X0(m) 722.954 722.508 
YO 6357.880 6357.711 
Z0 2595.678 2595.733 
  
  
Table 3. The results of absolute and exterior orientation of a 
panoramic stereo pair from Hintereisferner and the 
differences to the measured camera places. 
4. CONCLUSIONS 
The paper presents a method to use terrestrial panorama 
images to detect changes in glacier surface. Series of 
concentric images were taken at test fields on Engabreen and 
Hintereisferner. The camera places were situated similarly to 
normal case of terrestrial stereo photography. Series of 
concentric images were combined to panoramic stereo pairs, 
which were oriented relatively, absolutely and by single 
images. The relative orientation of images was basically 
acceptable, excluding the far ends of images, where pixels 
stretch. 
Movements of the projection centre during the photography 
of an image sequence cause difficulties in relative orientation 
and distortion to stereo model. In practice the residuals of the 
side images of a sequence grow. In this study the residuals 
Inter. 
  
are « 
orien 
of th 
exter 
contr 
be cc 
detec 
"The 
finan« 
OME 
frame 
also v 
their | 
Benn, 
734 pj 
Better 
snowf 
The A 
Drewt 
dynan 
Fergu: 
guide. 
Finste 
with s 
Journc 
Gao, | 
GIS ai 
Geogr. 
Haggr 
2001. 
docum 
Sympc 
Buildii 
Metho: 
21, 20 
Kajuut 
vaikuti 
Kirkbr 
Menzie 
Butterv 
Pôntine 
of Pho 
Ostrem 
and the 
Annale 
  
Theaks 
Geoscik