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International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B7. Istanbul 2004
Figure 5 a, b. The lineament / fault map around Soma on the
LANDSAT-TM (RGB: 541) image (in above: a) and the
interpretation map integrated Nebert's map (1978) with the
paleo-geographic trends and the neotectonic map of Soma
area (in lower: b); b: basement, m: Soma (Sg), p: Denis
groups (Dg); q: Quaternary deposits; 1: settlement; 2:
formation boundary; 3: trend of Sg; 4: trend of Dg; 5: the
neotectonic faults; SF: Savastepe fault; BG: Bakirgay, SG:
Soma, MAG: Manisa-Akhisar Grabens; Pl, P2: Photo
locations.
It can be clearly seen from the lineament / fault map that the
neotectonic faults and structures are cutting these two
previous trends. The first and second group series have been
rose around 700m and 400m respectively according to the
recent graben deposition levels. In this case, the following
result can be stated at this stage and will be explored in detail
also in laboratory and field studies; (1) Denis Formation and
its equivalents were deposited in Middle Miocene in the ESE-
WNW and NNE-SSW grabens, Because the NNE-SSW
graben fills in the MM give Middle Miocene ages. The Early
Miocene, according to the mammalian fossil findings of Saraç
(2003), sediments distributed between two NE-trending
positive structures; in the west, the Kozak horst was positive
area according to the radiometric age (Bingól et al. 1982) of
the granitic intrusion in its center, and in the east, the MM that
has no Early Miocene age findings in the deposits of the
grabens in the MM. There are some Early Miocene ages in the
western flank of the MM (Saraç, 2003).
903
Therefore, It can be concluded that the coal beds were
deposited in the NE-trending trenches, probably in grabens
bounded by faults (Photo 1), in Early Miocene. The striking
extensional phase initiated in the Middle Miocene time in the
region in two trends above. There is possibility to have been
formed some of those faults during the Middle Miocene period.
The baundary faults of these grabens have been covered mostly
by the dense volcanic metarials in the upper levels of Denis
group. The project will try to find the answers more clearly to
the discussions on the extensional period in the Neogen time.
Photo 1. One of the boundary faults in the coal beds in the
western Anatolia (looking to the south in the P1 location in the
Figure 5 b).
The trend of the Denis group follows partly some neotectonic
grabens (e.g. BG). This causes confusing in some areas between
the basal series of the Denis group and the Pliocene deposits
that surrounding the graben flanks. The neotectonic faults and
structures (in the Figure 5 a, b), which are Bakirgay, Soma and
Manisa-Akhisar grabens and Savastepe fault in the figures, cut
the previous extensional structures (Photo 2 and 3).
Photo 2. One of
the neotectonic
faults around
Kirkagac town
(looking to the
NNW direction in the P2 location in the Figure 5 b). The left
side has been risen almost 1000m since the Pliocene time
probably. Photo 3 (left below). The oblique-slip normal fault
surface of the fault in the Photo 2 can be seen after removing
the slope debris materials (looking to the NW direction).
The hot spring distribution in the study area follows mostly the
active flanks of the ESE-WNW trending grabens in western
Anatolia and important discharge areas are located in the
junctions of these faults with the NE-SW trending faults
(Akman et al. 2000). In the western part, there are also hot
spring successions along the NE-SW trending faults.
