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International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B-YF. Istanbul 2004
1.5 The Conventional Way of Survey
The aerial photographs were prepared especially for survey.
They are scanned, and the scanned photo will be printed in
special frame with approximated photo centre coordinates
(APCC), place to make field sketch and GCP number in the
photo. The GCP number is made so that a relation to the map
sheet, photo (in Aerial Triangulation Process) and GPS is easy.
The used Trimble GPS Geodetic Receiver can accept only four
alphanumeric codes, while the PAT-B Bundle Photogrametric
Adjustment Software can accept maximum eight digits code.
An equivalent table is made 1n MS-Excel table, which can
rename everything in one key press.
The preparation is also including the optimal route of
helicopter, so that during the expensive flight hours, maximum
number of GCP could be measured. While the photos
preparation could be done in the office, the route preparation
must be often modified in base camp to the actual situation.
During the survey itself, the pilot flies his helicopter along the
given route. Near the APCC, the surveyor will seek the
suitable place for GCP and compare the aerial photos and
actual field. If the place is decided and the pilot accepted, the
helicopter will land. During about 15 minutes, a GPS
measurement will be done and a field sketch will be made both
by the Photogrametric surveyor (fig. 3) and GPS surveyor
(fig.4). He sees what could be not found in air photo. After
finished, and helicopter is up again, the surveyor takes a
snapshots over the area from helicopter (fig. 9). This snapshot
is evidence that he is there, and the place is identical to the
planed GCP in the air photo. The surveyor must have a
discipline in recording the code of snapshots and GCP.
In a helicopter normally there are four people: pilot, photo-
surveyor, GPS measurer and an assistant. In one survey day,
normally 8-10 GCP is expected per team within six working
hour. It is the maximum working hour for the pilot. The most
time is to find the point (identification).
Fig. 3. Helicopter in a GCP location
Return to the base camp, all GPS data (fig. 6) and snapshots
will be downloaded to the laptops. The GPS will be post
processed differentially. GPS receiver at base camp is the
main station, and it is always turned on during the campaign
days start from the base camp. The base camp GPS station and
the GPS permanent station at the office make together good
baseline.
2:1514-241206:32
B247
approx. phote-center coordinate; 1°36"49,03" 113°1823 94"
Date ie Surveyor
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Fig.5. Field-sketch by GPS-surveyor
