es; HH 
scape in 
es using 
ration of 
B color 
input 2) 
input |. 
es in the 
 periods 
re easily 
| purple 
  
;; Color 
d of the 
epresent 
1e fields 
e areas 
  
    
    
November 201 1 
November 201 1 
Figure 3: Top: ETM+ Image RGB= bands 5,4,3 from 
November 2011; Bottom: ENVISAT ASAR APS HV 
processed data from November 2011 
A maximum likelihood classifier was used in ENVI to 
compare the ETM+ image alone, a minimum distance 
classifier was used for the single band SAR image, and the 
two images fused together. The results are shown in Figure 4 
below. 
  
November 2011 
    
    
November 2011 
International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume XXXIX-B7, 2012 
XXII ISPRS Congress, 25 August — 01 September 2012, Melbourne, Australia 
  
November 20 11 
Vegetation Classes 
dd Unclaz zHded 
Plce deldz 
  
Fore zl 
  
  
om 
Figure 4: Top: ETM+ Classification, Middle: SAR 
Classification, Bottom: Fused ETM+ and SAR classification 
4. CONCLUSION 
A combination of optical data with SAR data is an effective 
method to delineate rice crops in the Ganges Delta of 
Bangladesh as it gives more detail than using the optical 
image alone, and less noise than when using the SAR image 
on its own. The multi-temporal SAR data makes it easier to 
visualize the location of the rice crops as they change during 
the growing cycle, and the combination of fusing optical data 
with the processed SAR data allows for a more accurate 
classification of the rice fields for more accurate crop yield 
mapping. 
5. REFERENCES 
Abu Bakar, S., Shaari, A., Chuah, H. T., & Ewe, H. T. 
(1997). SAR Backscatter Response of Various Growth Stages 
of Wetland Rice Paddy in Malaysia. Retrieved 04 04, 2012, 
from Asian Associaton on Remote Sensing: http://a-a-r- 
s.org/acrs/proceeding/ACRS1997/Papers/AGS97-1.htm 
Karjalainen, M., Kuittinen, R., Junnikkala, V., Karvonen, T., 
Nguyen, M. H., & Tran, H. T. (2010, 02 05). Rice yield 
estimation using SAR images, meteorological data and GIS. 
Retrieved 04 10, 2012, from European Space Agency 
publications: 
http://earth.esa.int/pub/ESA_DOC/gothenburg/23 lkarja.pdf 
Liew, S. C., Kam, S. P., Tuong, T.-P., Chen, P., Minh, V.-Q., 
Balababa, L., et al. (1997). Delineation of Rice Cropping 
Systems in the Mekong River Delta using Multitemporal ERS 
Synthetic Aperture Radar. Retrieved 04 06, 2012, from ESA