discussion, and trained note taker noted the
issues.
2.3 Determination of Samples
Out of 5395 households (HH) in the watershed
310 household (HH) were selected following
systematic random sampling methods for
personal interview. The samples were selected
from the 14 sub watershed according to the
house hold population and the representation of
all stakeholders. Data were taken from all 14
sub watershed area for the representation of the
participatory approach from all stakeholders'
and watershed area proportionally.
2.4 Data analysis methods
Quantitative data from the personal interviews
as processed on the Statistical Package for
Social Science (SPSS) frequency table were
generated for the general information. Chi-
square tests were applied to analyzed
categorical data. Correlation were used to
identify inter dependence among various
factors influencing the soil erosion .Binary
logistic regression as applied to find the degree
of relationship between independent and
dependent variables influencing the soil erosion
and conservation practices. Qualitative
information collected from focus group and key
informants’ surveys was processed manually
and used in analysis to the complement of
quantitative information .The risk of the soil
erosion and landslide is mapped by
participatory GIS ie. mapped into the
topographic map and later it as prepared on
ARC GIS 9.3 software. The analysis was due to
the physical factors like compaction, slope,
nature of the soil and conservation practices
and anthropogenic factors.
RUSLE model was used to find the soil loss in
the Watershed with the help of the physical
factors data from the related agencies to find
the soil loss tone per year in 14-sub watershed.
This soil loss map and the PGIS mapped for the
hot spot soil erosion were compared and
analyzed.
International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume XXXIX-B8, 2012
XXII ISPRS Congress, 25 August — 01 September 2012, Melbourne, Australia
3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
This section was divided into two parts. The
first part discusses mainly the descriptive
analysis regarding to socio economic
characteristics of all types of stakeholders’
perception for the soil erosion reduction factors
on the watershed area. In the second part
climatic and physical factors which affects for
soil erosion.
3.1 Socioeconomic characteristic of
stakeholders’ and their participation on soil
erosion management
The socio economic condition (income, land
holding size and education) of the household
head was significantly different between the
stakeholders’ farmers, mothers’ group, teacher,
student, businessperson, NGO/GO officer
politicians for the participation on soil erosion
reduction management. All the educated
stakeholders were conscious as compared to
uneducated stakeholders on soil erosion issue
which effect on Phewa watershed area.
3.2 Participatory GIS mapping for soil
erosion risk area
Stakeholders’ discussion on the focus group the
soil erosion spot was traced out by the
topographic map and latter analyzed and
digitized on ARC GIS 9.3 software for the
location of hot spot for soil erosion. The focus
group discussion pointed out for the soil
erosion factors like climate change effects and
lack of the management of the appropriate
plantation, types of soil, slopes, deforestation,
conservation practices and land covers.
3.3 Factors motivating the stakeholders for
the soil erosion
Stakeholders reported five major factors
including experience sharing and observation
of the field. Soil erosion reduction depends on
the slope, appropriate plantation, conservation
of the forest, construction of the check dams
and awareness about the climate change effects.
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