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4. "My reaction to the proposal that ISPRS establish standards for 
civil engineers in our country who use photogrammetry and remote 
sensing is negative. 
First of all it would be very difficult to set educational require- 
ments and work it into a very time restricted civil engineering 
curriculum. It would be even more difficult to have the profession- 
al societies implement any productive educational programs other 
than the continuing education courses which I will touch on later. 
As a private practitioner, we use many specialists in addition to 
photogrammetrists and we would not want each one of those groups 
to establish standards for use of them as experts or subconsultants. 
Rather, it is more important for us as professionals to have a 
general understanding of these speciality fields and to know when 
we need help beyond the limitations of our capabilities. This could 
cover specialists in the fields of environment, metallurgy, 
hydraulics, etc. 
To achieve the general knowledge, i.e., in photogrammetry, our 
staff members, including myself, have taken continuing education 
courses in photogrammetry. We have been members of ASP for years to 
keep up with the field and have used their publications, particularly 
with respect to our use of photogrammetry for highway purposes 
including soils information. When we get over our head, as profession- 
als we should and do call upon the experts in the photogrammetric 
field for advice." (private practice, U.S.A.) 
5. "Civil engineering is a very broad field. In the U.S.A., the 
American Society of Civil Engineers (ahuge organization) is their 
professional society which has a well established code of ethics 
and standards of practice for all of the Speciality areas of its 
members. Also, each state in the U.S. has a professional engineering 
registration board which administers examinations to civil engineer- 
ing graduates who wish to practice as professionals in the field. 
For ISPRS to attempt to set standards for members of this group 
would be highly inappropriate. I do believe that we could recommend 
that certain material in photogrammetry and remote sensing be 
included in the curriculum for those students who wish to specialize 
and also to make suggestions for courses for practicing civil 
engineers who desire continuing education. However, this is about 
as much as the ISPRS can legitimately expect to accomplish." 
(educator, U.S.A.) 
Discussion 
Obviously, the sample of comments given here is too limited and biased 
toward certain countries to provide a broad basis for recommendations. 
However, one can perceive certain common problems and attitudes which 
can be extrapolated to other countries without too much danger. First, 
it is apparent that very few schools have solid requirement for photo- 
grammetry. Surveying is frequently a required subject, but even here 
there is lack of uniformity in the curricula in civil engineering at 
various schools even within a single country. For example, in the U.K. 
Anderson 5