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software simulation, and with the standardization of software and output 
formats. 
3. Testing Procedures for Analytical Plotters. The major task related to 
this area of activity is the development of standardized test procedures. 
  
4, Analytical Plotter Evaluation Guide. The tasks are related to the review 
of the effectiveness of the "Analytical Plotter Evaluation Guide" published by 
W.G. II/l in 1980 and to its revision in respect to new developments in the 
design of analytical plotters and new testing procedures. 
  
5. Hybrid Instrument Developments. The main tasks are related to the 
analysis of systems composed of computer-assisted analog instruments such as 
conventional analog plotters interfaced with digital computing devices. 
  
6.  Orthophoto and Stereo-Orthophoto Instrument Studies. The related tasks 
are concerned with the  non-automated instruments for generation and 
exploitation of orthophotos and stereo-orthophotos. 
Working group II/2 on "Automatic Equipment and Systems". 
Chairman: B. Makarovic, International Institute for Aerial Survey and 
Earth Sciences (ITC), The Netherlands 
Secretary: M. Tariel, International Institute for Aerial Survey and Earth 
Sciences (ITC), The Netherlands 
After the Hamburg Congress this Working Group continued the activities of the 
working group on "Automated Instruments and Systems" that was active during 
the period 1976-1980 (Makarovic, 1982). 
The tasks of Working Group II/2 are grouped. into four major areas, of 
activities. 
1, Theoretical Studies. These comprise the studies related to the definition 
of concepts concerning automation, signal processing techniques (e.g. image 
matching, change detection, image understanding, digital image extraction, 
pattern recognition), control considerations such as control strategies, self- 
adaptive controls, feasibility studies of the new conceptual developments and 
the evaluation of automation. 
  
2. Design. The tasks under this heading are related to the design principles 
and characteristics of the existing automatic systems, design and development 
of new systems, design of digital components (e.g. digital sampling devices 
and preprocessors, special processors for real-time operation), and the design 
of large integrated systems with automatic components. 
3. Performance and Reliability. These tasks concern the performance 
criteria (e.g. for preprocessing input data and for automatic image matching) 
"correlation tests”, the performance and reliability of automated equipment 
and systems in production, and cost analysis. 
  
4, Impact of Automation. These studies are concerned mainly with the changes 
in organizational and human environments caused by automation of processes 
(e.g. planning and management techniques, professional background and skills), 
with compatibility of hardware, software and data, with maintenance 
facilities, and with the analysis of changing technology.