NS 
m M TE MT ZT MT 
All points of the test net have been monumented by stainless 
steel rods mostly concreted in stable rock. They carry circular 
wooden targets in forced centering, coated with white plastic. 
The location of the points has been chosen after a great lot of 
simulated calibrations with different point distribution for 
optimisation of cost-benefit relations. 
Ground survey for the second order calibration net was accomp- 
lished in connection with the first order net of SCHNADELBACH 
by measuring slant ranges, horizontal and vertical directions, 
and levelling with good precision. The resulting point coordi- 
nates for full control are expected with an accuracy of appr. 
+ 5 mm. Besides these there exist points with elevation control 
only, or targeted points which only serve for ray intersection. 
Cf. Fíig.1. 
ALGORITHMS FOR SYSTEM CALIBRATION 
Calibration parameters of a camera shall be computed within a 
bundle adjustment as the standard procedure in analytical pho- 
togrammetry. ZIEMANN 1986 gave some hints concerning a mathema- 
tical model. We aimrat a solution in just one step. This. opens 
the possibility of best supervision of the whole system. To 
show just one benefit: Algebraical highly correlated system 
parameters are easily identified, which is not detectable in a 
stepwise procedure. | 
In advance of bundle triangulation a computation of point 
coordinates from ground survey data has to be performed. There 
Should however also exist a possibility to compute system cali- 
brations from hybrid observations, i.e. performing an adjust- 
ment of a free net including parameters of interior orientation 
of the camera using observations of ground survey and photo 
measurements simultanously. This calls for proper weighting of 
observations of different type, which in a rigorous adjustment 
should be performed by estimation of variance components. 
Through partial or total inversion of the normal equation sys- 
tem an insight into correlations and algebraic stability pro- 
perties of the whole system of observations involved shall be 
possible. Last but not least the set of estimated parameters 
should be expandable by well established sets of additional 
parameters to describe image deformations. Those given by 
D.C.Brown (BROWN 1976) may be considered as convenient, as they 
contain the sought for parameters of interior orientation. 
The bundle adjustment program MOR-S (WESTER-EBBINGHAUS 1985 and 
HINSKEN 1985) provided a good starting point for a global solu- 
tion. This program was generally written for application to 
close range photogrammetry. Adaptation to the new tasks is 
under way and shall be delt with elsewhere. 
31