N AN 
>| 
= NU 
d 
NS 
7 NS SZ 
Ne |S 
N ZA PAR E 
SN, 7 N 
NN cé 
Fig. 4a Base map 1:5000 
compiled by photo- 
grammetric data 
acquisition with 
P3 Planicomp and 
PHOCUS 
(layers of buildings 
and traffic routes) 
  
  
  
  
Fig. 4b Result of automatic 
generalization for a 
map 1:20 000 
(shown in 1:10000) 
Fig. 4c Result of automatic 
generalization and 
interactive revision 
for a map 1:20 000 
(shown in 1:10 000) 
  
  
  
  
  
  
Fig. 4 Example 1 
Further development in this field will also allow for the extended 
attribute structure in PHOCUS /4/. 
In addition to the standard attributes, the user can combine arbitrary 
attribute structures with the PHOCUS object types in a data base 
(ORACLE). For example, all objects in the building class can be 
assigned the attributes "owner", "construction date" etc. 
The manipulation of these attributes during generalization is relevant 
in particular if the result is to be used as a digital model for small- 
scale applications e.g. in a GIS. The attribute data then has to be 
processed according to user-defined rules. 
4.3 Conclusions 
The increasing volume of digital space-related data will cause 
computer-assisted methods of cartographic generalization to be 
accepted and distributed ever more widely. 
These methods offer the following major advantages: 
Time and cost savings during data acquisition 
* Increased usefulness of the data 
* Improved map topicality 
Carl Zeiss has taken up this challenge early on and PHOCUS today 
already enables large-scale automation of generalization procedures. 
142 
REFERENCES 
/1/ HAKE, G. 
/2/ STAUFENBIEL, W. 
/3/ MENKE, K. 
/4/ WILLKOMM, P. 
/5/ MEYER, U. 
Kartographie | 
Sammlung Goeschen, de Gruyter, 
Berlin, 1982 
Zur Automation der Generalisierung 
topographischer Karten mit beson- 
derer Berücksichtigung großmaß- 
stäbiger Gebäudedarstellungen. 
Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten der Uni- 
versität Hannover, Heft Nr. 51, 
Hannover; 1973 
PHOCUS for cartographic applications 
Proceedings of the 43rd Photogrammetric 
Week at Stuttgart University, Vol, 14, 
Stuttgart, 1991 
Extracting Vector Data and Attributes 
from Stereo Images with PHOCUS. 
Proceedings of the EARSeL Workshop on 
Relationship of Remote Sensing and GIS 
published in EARSeL Advances in 
Remote Sensing Nr. 3, Hannover 1991 
Generalisierung der Siedlungsdar- 
stellung in digitalen Situations- 
modellen. 
Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten der Universität 
Hannover, Heft Nr. 159, Hannover 1989 
  
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