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(3)In the MPPT method the metric photographs 
are considered as permanent record and 
documentation which can be used in any time . 
(4)The MPPT method is advantageous if only one 
non-metric photograph is available , and in this 
case object information is necessary for data 
processing . 
(b)The MPPT method is recommended when the 
time plays an important role in the restoration 
(ie when the damage has recently happened and 
the remaining part is unstable ) . 
(6)In both the MPPT and the APPT methods , the 
object width (W),the object height (H) , the base 
distance (B) and the object distance (D) are 
fixed as well as the elements of the exterior 
orientation (w, o , k ) of the metric camera 
which are dependant upon W , H and the ratio of 
the overlap . So ,the main significant difference 
in the accuracy between the APPT and MPPT 
methods is the difference between the accuracy 
of the theodolite used in the first method and 
the metric camera and comparator used in the 
second method . 
(7)mproving the accuracy when using the MPPT 
method depends on the type of camera used and 
the accuracy of measuring the plate 
co-ordinates ( & ) . In this study the accuracy 
achieved from measuring the plate co-ordinates 
on a Hilger and Watts stereocomparator was 
Gum , and the Zeiss ( Jena ) UMK camera was 
the camera which gave us the best accuracy (but 
it is the most expensive camera ). 
(8)Improving the accuracy when using the APPT 
method depends on the type of theodolite used , 
the accuracy of measuring the horizontal and 
vertical distances between the two stations (B, 
and By) 
to the object used in the observation of the 
control points . So, in this case to obtain the 
best accuracy , we should , if possible , use the 
theodolite height which maximizes the accuracy 
of these control points . The values of the 
theodolite height (E;,) which maximize the 
and the theodolite height with respect 
accuracy of the control points at different 
values of base distance (B) and object distance 
(D) can be obtained ( using equation derived by 
the author in 1989)from Table 2. Table 2 gives 
the ratio E,p/H for different ratios oi B/W and 
D/W , where W and H are the dimensions of the 
object . 
    
   
    
   
    
   
   
    
    
  
    
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
    
    
   
    
     
   
  
    
     
    
      
   
   
   
     
   
   
    
  
    
(9)On the basis of the results shown in Table 1 
we can say that : 
(a)theoretically and experimentally, the 
accuracy obtained from the APPT method is 
better than that obtained from the MPPT method 
and it is more economic . 
(b)in appropriate circumstances (i.e avoid 
having all object space control points in one 
plane)the DLT method is the preferable method 
to be used for data reduction from non-metric 
photography because it gives better accuracy 
than the APPT and MPPT methods .It can also 
lead to a reduction in the cost of the data 
acquisition system by using non - metric 
cameras only. 
(10)A further investigation should be done in a 
comparison of the APPT and MPPT methods 
which involves the variation in field 
relationships between camera and object and 
the analysis or measurement equipment effects 
Beferences 
Abdel-Aziz,Y.l.and Karara,H.M., 1971 Direct 
linear transformation from comparator 
co-ordinates into object space co-ordinates. 
Close range photogrammetry. American Socity 
of Photogrammetry, Falls Church, Virginia. 
Pages 1-18. 
Fraser,C.S.,1978.Computer programme for 
resection/intersection routine for application 
when an object space control field is 
established . 
Gruen , AW. 1978 Experiences with 
self-calibrating bundle adjustment.Paper 
presented to the ACSM - ASP Convention , 
Washington, D.C, February / March , 1978. 
Gruen,A.W.,1985. Processing of amature 
photographs . Photogrammetric — Record , 
10(65):567-579. 
Mahmoud , A. A. E ,1989 . The application of 
close rangephotogrammetry to the restoration 
of architectural features . Ph.D. dissertations , 
Department of Civil Engineering , Zagazig 
University Banha Branch, Egypt ,129 pages. 
Thompson,E.H. , 1962. Photogrammetry in the 
restoration of Castle Howard.Photogrammetric 
Record, 4 (20):94-119. 
Thompson,E.H., 1965. A perspective theorem and 
rectification. 
Photogrammetria,20(1965):143-161.