relational database is referred to the Land Records Management
System (LRMS).
The LIS Applications Module. The purposes of this module are
data conflation, exception processing, cartographic presentation,
and spatial analysis. Data conflation is the cross indexing of the
graphic information contained in the cartographic database with
the data items contained in the LRMS database. Exception pro-
cessing is the processing of data which failed to conflate during
normal processing due to inconstancies in the disparate data
sources. Spatial analysis and cartographic presentation is the
interactive query and ad hoc reporting of LRMS data using the on-
line graphic interface provided by the module's geographic infor-
mation system software.
MAP PRODUCTION MODULE
Data Sources
The primary source of data for ESA's cartographic database is
aerial photography augmented with control surveys, aerial trian-
gulation and field verification surveys, as required. The following
photo scales are used for the production of the map series
indicated.
e 1:2,500 Map Series - 1:10,000 scale aerial photography.
e 1:1,000 Town Plan Series - 1:5,000 scale aerial
photography.
Cartographic Database
The data items in ESA’s cartographic database are those neces-
sary for producing ESA’s standard series of 1:2,500 scale maps and
1:1,000 scale town plans. Approximately 130 feature codes are
currently used to describe the planimetric and cartographic fea-
tures of interest to ESA. They are stored in ARC/Info format.
Quality Control
Field verification and visual editing procedures are used to assess
the esthetic quality, adherence to cartographic specifications and
completeness of content of plotted maps. Spatial topology is
verified and maintained through the use of ARC/Info’s built in
utilities for cleaning the topology of graphic files. Specialized
proof plots with temporary symbols are to verify database at-
tributes and spatial integrity.
Configuration
This module consists of two networked systems.
Data Collection System. This system controls the collection of
topographic and planimetric features from aerial photography.
The primary data collection instruments are nine Zeiss P3 analyti-
cal plotters. Six Kern PG2 stereoplotters equipped with encoders
are also used for data capture. All photogrammetric workstations
are on a Novell Network. The software employed for data capture
is the Kork Digital Mapping System. These compiled data are
converted to DEX format before being passed to the Map Publish-
ing System.
Map Publishing System. This system controls the translation of
graphic data from DEX to ARC/Info format, the editing and
cartographic finishing of data collected with the data collection
system as well as data collected during the field verification of
compilation manuscripts and cadastral surveys. This system con-
trols the preparation of check plots as well as the production of
camera ready film positives of each map sheet.
Its primary production instruments are 16 DEC 5000 Unix work-
station running ARC/Info software. Other tools include electro-
static and drum plotters. All cartographic workstations are on a
191
Unix Network. Arabic calligraphy is added to maps and managed
by the JoGraph Arabization routines within ARC/Info.
System Administration
Administration of this module is the responsibility of the Aerial
Survey Department (ASD) Systems Manager. He establishes
backup schedules, oversees weekly off-site archiving ofthe carto-
graphic database, and controls access to the databases. He is also
responsible for maintaining the integrity of the cartographic
database, ensuring that changes are not made to its structure
without his concurrence and documenting all authorized changes.
Under his direction, the Systems Support and Development De-
partment is responsible for the maintenance of the Novell and
Unix networks as well as for hardware and software maintenance.
Software development, currently the job of the Geonex Photo-
grammetric and Cartographic Advisors, will in time be shifted to
ASD's Systems Support and Development Department.
Final Products
“This module produces:
e Camera ready film positives of 1:2,500 scale topographic
and planimetric maps.
e Cameraready film positives of 1:2,500 scale cadastral maps.
e (Camera ready film positives of 1:1,000 scale town plans.
e Camera ready film positives of customized topographic,
planimetric and cadastral maps at scales between 1:10,000 and
1:1,000 and containing selective features from ESA's carto-
graphic database.
e Digital files containing the topographic, cultural and
cadastral features contained in the cartographic database and
suitable for use by outside agencies requiring such information.
CADASTRAL OVERLAY PRODUCTION MODULE
Data Sources
The primary source of the parcel, administrative and political
boundary data items needed for the production of cadastral maps
are cadastral surveys conducted by ESA’s Cadastral Survey De-
partment using Total Stations. Additional sources include:
e GPS surveys for placing cadastral surveys in the same
coordinate system as the maps produced using photogrammet-
ric techniques.
e “Project Maps” for locating canal and road easements and
rights-of-way.
Cadastral Features
Parcel, administrative and political boundary data items needed
for the production of cadastral maps will be permanently stored in
ESA's cartographic database in ARC/Info format. Currently they
are being maintained in AutoCAD’s DRG format for use in an
interim cadastral map publishing system. Approximately five
additional feature codes are currently used to describe the cadastral
and other boundary features of interest to ESA.
Data used in the interim cadastral map production system is
archived at the cadastral field office producing it. A copy of these
data is periodically sent to ASD’s digital cartography department
in Cairo, in DFX format, for conversion to ARC/Info format and
spatial adjustment by the Map Production Module’s map publish-